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编号 9 (2014)
- 年: 2014
- 文章: 15
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/issue/view/6870
Articles
VLIYaNIE TERAPII TRIMETAZIDINOM NA POKAZATELI PERENOSIMOSTI FIZIChESKOY NAGRUZKI I KAChESTVO ZhIZNI PATsIENTOV SO STABIL'NOY STENOKARDIEY, POLUChAYuShchIKh OPTIMAL'NUYu MEDIKAMENTOZNUYu TERAPIYu
摘要
The article presents the results of evaluation of antianginal and anti-ischemic efficacy of long-acting trimetazidine generic (Angiozil retard) involving 21 patients with stable angina and stable positive exercise treadmill test. Treatment with trimetazidine at a daily dose of 70 mg was conducted over four months. It has been shown that the addition of trimetazidine to the background therapy of patients with stable angina improves the clinical course of the disease. Increasing the duration of treatment increases its effectiveness.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):8-13
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VLIYaNIE AKTOVEGINA NA FAGOTsITY KROVI PRI OKSIDATIVNOM STRESSE U PATsIENTOV S SERDEChNOY NEDOSTATOChNOST'Yu
摘要
In vitro effects of the drug Actovegin (calf blood hemodialysate) on the formation of oxygen radicals by blood phagocytes in whole blood samples (50-100 μI) in patients with II-III NYHA functional class heart failure (HF) were evaluated. The changes of superoxide anion (O 2-) secretion were recorded using lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence by «Biotox-7» luminometer. Bacterial tripeptid FMLP (Formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine) at a dose of 3 μМ was used as stimulant for phagocytes. Blood phagocytes in patients with HF were initially preactivated (primed), as evidenced by the spontaneous formation of oxygen radicals as a result of their interaction with the plastic wall of the cuvet, as well as the subsequent pronounced response to the FMLP. For the first time, in blood samples of patients with heart failure, it was found that Actovegin had dose-dependent effect on the spontaneous and FMLP-induced reduction of O 2- generation. Significant inhibitory effect was observed at doses above 1 mg/ml. Actovegin had completely suppressed phagocyte response to FMLP. In a cell-free system of generation of oxygen radicals, Actovegin had dose-dependent effect on their reduction. In combination of Actovegin with antioxidant Trolox, each of these drugs reduced or completely inhibited the effects of another drug. Based on the lack of additivity effect in action of Actovegin and Trolox, it was concluded that these drugs have the same mechanism of action. These data indicate that Actovegin may have anti-inflammatory effects and inhibit the oxidative stress in system hypoxia in different organs and tissues of patients with heart failure as a result of removing the oxygen radicals formed.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):14-19
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VLIYaNIE REVASKULYaRIZATsII U BOL'NYKh OSTRYM INFARKTOM MIOKARDA NA TEChENIE IShEMIChESKOY BOLEZNI SERDTsA V POSTINFARKTNOM PERIODE
摘要
The study was aimed to the evaluation of the influence of revascularization in patients with acute myocardial infarction on the incidence of in-hospital complications, coronary events, hospitalizations and deaths in the post-infarction period. At the hospital treatment stage, all patients (n = 301) were divided into 3 groups depending on performing the revascularization and its type. The group 1 consisted of patients who underwent thrombolytic therapy; group 2 included patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with restoration of blood flow in the infarct-related artery; and group 3 consisted of patients without revascularization. Observations during the 1 year have shown that percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction allows to reduce the incidence of complications, recurrent coronary events, hospitalizations, and deaths. Revascularization using thrombolytic agents led only to a rare development of new angina during first months of observation compared with the tactics of optimal medical therapy without revascularization. Treatment compliance (especially for receiving dual antiplatelet therapy, β-blockers, statins, ACE inhibitors (ARA)) within one year after myocardial infarction had improved prognosis in all groups of patients. In patients with percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction, however, the number of recurrent coronary events was significantly lower than in patients without a history of myocardial revascularization, even in the absence of regular therapy.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):20-26
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EFFEKTIVNOST' KOMBINIROVANNOY ANTIGIPERTENZIVNOY TERAPII ZhENShchIN S ARTERIAL'NOY GIPERTENZIEY I IShEMIChESKOY BOLEZN'Yu SERDTsA, VKLYuChAYuShchEY RAZLIChNYE BLOKATORY RENIN-ANGIOTENZINOVOY SISTEMY
摘要
The article presents the results of the study involving 100 women with arterial hypertension (AH) and stable coronary heart disease (CAD); the study was aimed to the evaluation of antihypertensive efficacy of ACE inhibitor zofenopril and angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan using once a day and twice a day administration. Follow-up period was 24 weeks. It has been shown that combined antihypertensive therapy based on administration of valsartan twice a day may have advantages over the use of zofenopril in women with a combination of arterial hypertension and stable coronary artery disease.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):27-32
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METABOLIChESKAYa TERAPIYa V VEDENII BOL'NOGO IShEMIChESKIM INSUL'TOM
摘要
The article discusses the main pathophysiological mechanisms of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The sequences of biochemical and pathophysiological changes typical of acute and delayed damage of white matter in AIS are described. The importance of reparative and regenerative changes underlying neuroplasticity necessary for compensation of disturbed functions are highlighted. The authors draw attention to the importance of neurotrophic and neuroprotective therapy for the implementation of protection against reperfusion injury. Cellex is regarded as one of the most promising neuroprotective drugs. The results of experimental studies that allow to recommend Cellex as drug for the complex treatment of patients with AIS are presented.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):33-38
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SARTANY V PRAKTIKE VRAChA PERVIChNOGO ZVENA PRI LEChENII ARTERIAL'NOY GIPERTONII
摘要
The article presents the history of the investigation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and its role in the cardiovascular continuum. The major steps of the synthesis of the main mediator - angiotenzin II - and structure of RAAS with detailing the functions of the angiotensin receptor are discussed in detail. Possible places of RAAS blockade using sartans, angiotenzin receptor blockers, are discussed. The mechanisms of blockade of angiotensin receptors - AR1, and its clinical significance in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases are described in detail. Comparative characteristics of two generations of angiotensin receptor blockers are presented. The literature data on the clinical relevance and the pleiotropic effects of telmisartan, second generation bifunctional sartan, the in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases are demonstrated.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):39-44
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BOL' V ShEE: RASPROSTRANENNOST', FAKTORY VOZNIKNOVENIYa, VOZMOZhNOSTI TERAPII
摘要
Neck pain is a serious health problem in industrialized countries, especially among the young and middle age people. Neck pain has multifactorial origin; its occurrence can be associated with physical and psychological factors, and sustained muscle activity of the trapezoids muscle. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and muscle relaxants are most commonly used drugs for relief of acute neck pain. The use of B vitamins (Milgamma, Milgamma Compositum) at high therapeutic doses for the treatment of neck pain is justified; antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of B vitamins have been confirmed in experimental and clinical studies. Ability of B vitamins to potentiate the effects of analgesics reduces the doses and duration of administration of NSAIDs required for adequate anesthesia, making the treatment safer.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):45-49
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PRIVERZhENNOST' ANTIDEMENTNOY TERAPII
摘要
The problem of management of patients with dementia is highly relevant due to its high prevalence and a large social significance. Patients with cognitive disorders, however, have a very low treatment compliance, which greatly reduces effectiveness of therapy. Best treatment compliance is revealed among patients receiving memantine (Akatinol Memantine) due to its high therapeutic effect in cognitive disorders, and good tolerability.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):50-54
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PREPARATY MAGNIYa V KOMPLEKSNOY TERAPII I PROFILAKTIKE SERDEChNOSOSUDISTYKh ZABOLEVANIY
摘要
Magnesium deficiency is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias. Additional introduction of magnesium in the diet significantly reduces the risk of fatal cardiovascular complications. Magnesium orotate has antiarrhythmic effect which is attributable to the ability to block calcium channels, maintain potassium inside cells, stabilize the membrane, weaken the sympathetic influence on the heart, thereby effectively prevent electrical instability of the heart cells.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):55-58
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TERAPIYa EMOTsIONAL'NYKh I KOGNITIVNYKh RASSTROYSTV U BOL'NYKh KhRONIChESKOY IShEMIEY MOZGA
摘要
Article is devoted to aspects of the use of drug Phenotropil. The therapeutic effects achieved while taking the drug are described in detail; in particular, its neuromodulatory action is emphasized. Some experimental studies demonstrating the advisability of use of Phenotropil in ischemic-hypoxic cerebral injury are presented. The results confirm the pharmacological effects of Phenotropil incorporating a combination of nootropic, anxiolytic and antioxidant mechanisms of action. It is concluded that use of this drug is extremely important for patients with cerebrovascular diseases.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):59-64
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MOKSONIDIN V LEChENII ARTERAL'NOY GIPERTENZII: EFFEKTIVNOST' V KOMBINIROVANNOY TERAPII I DOPOLNITEL'NYE POKAZANIYa
摘要
Blood pressure cannot be controlled in 20-30 % of patients, even against the background of receiving a combination of 3-4 drugs from major groups. In the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension (AH), activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) plays an important role. Antihypertensive medications with central action help to reduce tone of SNS nuclei. Moxonidine belongs to this group of antihypertensive drugs. The article presents the data on the antihypertensive efficacy of moxonidine, and potentials for the combination therapy of arterial hypertension. The literature data on the impact of moxonidine on carbohydrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity are discussed. Potential benefits of use of this drug in patients with overweight, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, as well as in elderly patients and postmenopausal women are demonstrated. Data on organoprotective features of moxonidine - effects on endothelial function, microalbuminuria, and cardiac hypertrophy - are analyzed.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):65-69
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BISOPROLOL I KhRONIChESKAYa SERDEChNAYa NEDOSTATOChNOST'
摘要
Therapy with β-adrenergic receptor blockers leads to a decrease in the risk of death and serious cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Treatment with β-blockers has a particular significant effect on the risk of fatal ventricular arrhythmias in patients with high risk of sudden death. Bisoprolol is metabolically neutral and has good bioavailability, long half-life, and balanced clearance. High efficacy and good tolerability allows to consider this drug as one of the main medicines recommended for use in patients with CHF.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):70-75
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VORAPAKSAR - PERVYY PREDSTAVITEL' NOVOGO KLASSA ANTIAGREGANTOV
摘要
Key role in the pathogenesis of atherothrombosis belongs to platelets: therefore, antiplatelet agents is the main pharmacological group used for primary and secondary prevention of atherothrombotic complications. The article presents the review of studies on vorapaxsar, the first representative of a new class of antiplatelet agents - protease-activated receptor antagonists (PAR-1).
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):76-80
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PROFILAKTIKA TROMBOEMBOLIChESKIKh OSLOZhNENIY U PATsIENTOV S FIBRILLYaTsIEY PREDSERDIY
摘要
Identification of the patients at high risk for a stroke, with subsequent preventive drug treatment allows to reduce the incidence of stroke. The article presents an overview of current guidelines for management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on the example of a specific clinical case. For the majority of patients with nonvalvular AF, new oral anticoagulants are preferred with respect to vitamin K antagonists; they have similar efficacy, favorable safety profile and do not require selection of maintenance dose and subsequent monitoring of coagulation system. According to a meta-analysis of clinical studies, rivaroxaban has benefits for patients at high risk of coronary events. Comfortable reception mode provides high patient’s compliance to the treatment.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):81-87
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ISPOL'ZOVANIE NESTEROIDNYKh PROTIVOVOSPALITEL'NYKh SREDSTV I RISK KARDIOVASKULYaRNYKh OSLOZhNENIY
摘要
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and cardiovascular mortality, regardless of their selectivity for inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The article summarizes the evidence from randomized, controlled and observational studies on cardiovascular safety of NSAIDs. Meloxicam, one of selective COX-2 inhibitors, has lowest risk of myocardial infarction. Among the non-selective NSAIDs, naproxen has the lowest cardiovascular risk. Nevertheless, the use of any NSAID may lead to the development of any possible cardiovascular complications, especially in patients with comorbid cardiovascular diseases. In this regard, recommending the use of the lowest possible doses of NSAIDs and in a shorter time seem to be quite reasonable.
Pharmateca. 2014;(9):88-95
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