Epidemiological features of leptospirosis in the Yaroslavl Region

Objective. To investigate the epidemiological features of leptospirosis in the people of the Yaroslavl Region. Materials and methods. The authors retrospectively analyzed the manifestations of the epidemic process of leptospirosis in the Yaroslavl Region for 28 years (1990-2017) and used the data of annual statistical reporting forms No. 2 “Information on infectious and parasitic diseases”, medical records of inpatients (n = 116), the results of serological examination of animals and patients with leptospirosis (n = 551). Results. Changes were found in the etiology of leptospirosis in humans and animals and in the age and socio-occupational structure of patients. The main sources of infection, the leading transmission routes, and the annual distribution of morbidity were established. Conclusion. The characteristics of human leptospirosis are three dominating Leptospira serogroups (Sejroe, Grippotyphosa, and Australis) in the etiological structure; the higher proportion of middle-aged and elderly patients; the prevalence of a contact transmission route; summer and autumn seasonality; and the lack of occupational morbidity.

leptospirosis, Leptospira serogroups, contamination, morbidity, and epidemic manifestations