Epidemiological features of leptospirosis in the Yaroslavl Region


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Objective. To investigate the epidemiological features of leptospirosis in the people of the Yaroslavl Region. Materials and methods. The authors retrospectively analyzed the manifestations of the epidemic process of leptospirosis in the Yaroslavl Region for 28 years (1990-2017) and used the data of annual statistical reporting forms No. 2 “Information on infectious and parasitic diseases”, medical records of inpatients (n = 116), the results of serological examination of animals and patients with leptospirosis (n = 551). Results. Changes were found in the etiology of leptospirosis in humans and animals and in the age and socio-occupational structure of patients. The main sources of infection, the leading transmission routes, and the annual distribution of morbidity were established. Conclusion. The characteristics of human leptospirosis are three dominating Leptospira serogroups (Sejroe, Grippotyphosa, and Australis) in the etiological structure; the higher proportion of middle-aged and elderly patients; the prevalence of a contact transmission route; summer and autumn seasonality; and the lack of occupational morbidity.

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Sobre autores

Svetlana Chuprunova

Yaroslavl State Medical University

Email: svetlanachupmnova@rambler.ru
Cand. Med. Sei, Associate Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology and Childhood Infections

Elena Aleshkovskaya

Yaroslavl State Medical University

Email: elena.alesh@rambler.ru
Cand. Med. Sei, Associate Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology and Childhood Infections

Ivan Sitnikov

Yaroslavl State Medical University

Email: sitnikov@ysmu.ru
MD, Head, Department of Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology and Childhood Infections

Lyudmila Zaitseva

Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Yaroslavl Region

Email: ooi-lab@76.rospotrebnadzor.ru
Head, Laboratory of Especially Dangerous Infections

Elena Shalepo

Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Yaroslavl Region

Email: ooi-lab@76.rospotrebnadzor.ru
Bacteriologist, Laboratory of Especially Dangerous Infections

Bibliografia

  1. Соболева Г.Л., Ананьина Ю.В., Непоклонова И.В. Актуальные вопросы лептоспироза людей и животных. Российский ветеринарный журнал 2017; (8): 13-7.
  2. Ананьина Ю.В. Лептоспирозы в Российской Федерации: современные особенности эпидемического проявления природных и техногенных очагов. Ветеринарная патология 2004; (4); 54-7.
  3. Токаревич Н.К., Стоянова H.A. Эпидемиологические аспекты антропогенного влияния на эволюцию лептоспирозов. Инфекция и иммунитет 2011; 1(1): 67-76.
  4. Нагорнов Д.В., Ющенко Г.В., Дружинина Т.А., Сироткина Т.Т., Зайцева Л.Л., Чуян В.П., Афанасьев В.В., Захаров Е.В. Лептоспироз в Ярославской области: эпидемиологические и эпизоотологические аспекты. Эпидемиол. и инфекц. бол. 2002; (4): 16-8.

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