Vol 14, No 6 (2024)

Мы заканчиваем цикл интервью, посвященный 300-летию со дня основания Российской академии наук. Сегодня наш собеседник – известный ученый в области физической органической химии и гомогенного металлокомплексного катализа, академик РАН, доктор химических наук, член Европейской академии наук, руководитель лаборатории Института органической химии им. Н. Д. Зелинского РАН (ИОХ РАН), руководитель Секции химии Отделения химии и наук о материалах РАН (ОХНМ РАН) Валентин Павлович Анаников.

В дни юбилейных торжеств Валентину Павловичу была вручена медаль «300 лет Российской академии наук» за большой вклад в развитие отечественной науки, подготовку научных кадров, многолетнюю плодотворную научно-исследовательскую и организационную работу. Мы поздравляем Валентина Павловича и желаем ему успехов в благородном труде на ниве отечественной науки.

О новых тенденциях в науке и образовании, о возрастающей роли искусственного интеллекта и машинного обучения, о том, насколько важно соблюдать баланс между цифровыми технологиями и классическими основами химии и о многом другом В. П. Анаников рассказал нашему корреспонденту.

From October 7 to 11, 2024, a grandiose forum was held in the Sirius Federal Territory, in the conference and lecture halls of Sirius University – a triumph of Russian chemical science – the 22nd Mendeleev Congress. They were waiting for him, participants from all over Russia were preparing for him – from Kaliningrad to Sakhalin. Foreign guests also arrived, representatives of about forty countries. A total of 2224 reports were made – plenary, key, invited, oral and poster. It is pleasant to note that the participants included 1420 young scientists and students.

We continue our series of publications dedicated to equipping laboratories with equipment for safe and efficient work with any chemicals. Many microbiological and research laboratories have strict requirements: sterile conditions, no environmental impact on samples and reagents. Laminar shelters and boxes are used to minimize the impact of the external environment and ensure safe working conditions for laboratory technicians. Various protection classes and areas of application of laminar boxes are considered in order to select the right model for specific tasks.

Elemental analysis is in demand in almost all industries: metallurgy, ecology, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, forensics, chemistry, microelectronics, oil and food industries, aircraft materials production, etc. Among other analytical methods, inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP) occupies a significant place. The article discusses the features of methods of mass spectrometry and optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. Both methods effectively complement each other. The capabilities, advantages and technical characteristics of the advanced models of ICP-MS spectrometers (SUPEC 7000) and ICP-AES (EXPEC 6500) are described in detail.

The current level of technological development, the desire for safety and comfort in everyday life have led humanity to the widespread use of various sensors that monitor the parameters of the space around us. One of the key areas in the field of control is the analysis of volatile compounds. Traditional analytical tools are various analyzers for determining the qualitative or quantitative composition of gas mixtures (gas analyzers). The use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry allows you to determine the molecular weight, elemental composition and molecular structure of compounds present in the sample. These methods require a complex and expensive sampling system for analysis in laboratory conditions. Today, the electronic nose technology is actively developing. What are its features and capabilities? What is fundamentally new in it compared to classical methods? Will it become a replacement or addition to traditional tools, what problems can it solve?

В сравнении с традиционными подходами для определения неорганических или органических веществ, работа с элементоорганическими соединениями имеет свою специфику. В первую очередь это относится к применению современных, так называемых, гибридных методов, сочетающих в себе хроматографическое разделение и спектральную регистрацию аналитов. Особенностям их использования на примере измерения содержания важнейших групп элементоорганических соединений в объектах окружающей среды и некоторых биологических матрицах посвящена настоящая публикация. В работе приведены примеры использования сочетания хроматографии с масс-спектрометрией для определения ртуть- и мышьякорганических соединений. Представлены подробные данные о разработанной во ВНИИМ референтной методике определения содержания оловоорганических соединений в грунтах и донных отложениях, результаты ее апробации на реальных объектах и сертифицированных материалах.

The Institute for Certified Reference Materials has developed and approved accuracy standards that define uniform metrological requirements for measurement techniques (methods) and reference materials (RM). Certified Reference Materials (CRM) produced by ICRM correspond in matrix to real materials of metallurgical production. Based on the use of matrix CRM and accuracy standards, a system of metrological support for analytical control of metallurgical materials has been created, including validation of measurement technique (methods), operational and in-laboratory control of results, certification of enterprise RM, interlaboratory comparison tests, etc.

In September of this year, the 120th anniversary of the birth of Maria Semenovna Schreiber, co-author of the outstanding physicist-chemist Nikolai Arkadievich Izmailov on the famous article of 1938, from which the history of thin-layer chromatography is started. The biography and heritage of N. A. Izmailov have been studied quite deeply, unlike M. S. Schreiber. Little is known about her, besides the fact that she did her scientific work in chromatography when she was a graduate student and worked under the supervision of N. A. Izmailov. Meanwhile, Maria Semenovna Schreiber (1904–1992) is the world's first woman to make a discovery in chromatography. In 1938, N. A. Izmailov and M. S. Schreiber came up with a new chromatography method, which was later called thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The article presents for the first time a biography of Schreiber, as well as some of the events and people that may have served as the source of the two scientists' interest in chromatography.