DIAGNOSTIC DIFFICULTIES AND THE POSSIBLE WAYS OF THE DISADAPTATION CORRECTION, APPEARED AS A CONSEQUENCE OF SIMPLE SCHIZOPHRENIA

Abstract

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A simple form of schizophrenia is an infrequent mental disorder with predominantly negative schizophrenic symptoms. It is char-acterized by the gradual development of inappropriate behavior and social withdrawal, and the steady decline of a working capacity. In most cases, this form of schizophrenia begins gradually, its progress is sluggish, slow, continuous and progredient. Diagnostics of a simple type of schizo-phrenia is quite difficult because it requires the establishment of the clinical picture of patients with slowly progressive expansion of characteristic features of residual schizophrenia negative symptoms (flattening of affect, loss of meaning, and so on. D.), but with no information about the presence of hallucinations, delusions, or other manifestations of psychotic episode. Purpose of the work was to demonstrate the need for early diagnosis of simple schizophrenia and further carrying out of a timely pharmacological correction. Materials and methods of the study: us-ing the method of case studies we have analyzed 10 clinical records of outpatient (form no 025/u - 04, approved by the order of the Ministry of Health of Russia no 255 from 22.11.2004) who underwent a specialized psychiatric care in outpatient facilities of Volgograd and 10 inpatient medical records (form no 003/u). We analyzed cases of patients with simple schizophrenia and timeliness of their pharmacological correction. Results: in the course of the study we identified cases of delayed diagnosis of simple forms of schizophrenia, the causes of which can be defined as follows: patient does not feel uncomfortable and does not assess the changes in their activity as painful manifestations; the lack of understanding from the social environment of the patient that his lack of initiative and inactivity are the symptoms of the disease and not the result of “laziness, lack of will”; the gradual onset of the disease, without producing symptoms of schizophrenia (hallucinations, delusions); lack of alertness of physicians internists, as a result of the low incidence of the disease; untimely pharmacological correction, and growing disadaptation of the patient as a consequence; the difficulty of differential diagnosis of simple schizophrenia and personality disorders because of similar symptoms; gradual personality change, which is characterized primarily by the fall of mental ac-tivity, lack of affect, disturbance of adaptation to the environment, the decline in claims, autization, a propensity for tangentiality. Conclusions: there is a necessity for an awareness-building, pointed at the information about the clinic and treatment of a disease of schizophrenia, because the awareness about the diseases features helps asking for timely psychiatric assistance and prevention of the negative symptoms increase, which leads to the further disadaptation of a patient, by means of prescription of an adequate pharmacological medicine.