Vol 5, No 2 (2017)

These days Natural mineral salts (biologically active ingredients), which are the components of thermal springs, sea water, brine lakes, minerals (bischofite) are widely used in the composition of cosmetic products. The ability to influence the formulations stability and the sensory properties of cosmetics products is the specificity of this materials group, which creates certain difficulties in the development of a composition. The polymers’ use as gelling agents and thickeners is one of the means of formulations stability improving.The aim was scientific and technical literature review of the polymers assortment used in cosmetics with natural mineral salts, their application in the cosmetic compositions and the influence of mineral salts on the properties of polymers solutions.Materials and methods. Resources such as eLIBRARY, PubMed, Cyberleninca, as well as the websites of the manufacturers and suppliers of auxiliary materials, and finished cosmetic products were used to obtain the data.Results and discussion. Analysis of literature data and technical information suggests that cellulose derivatives, xanthan gum, and polyvinylpyrrolidone and carbomer are the most commonly used polymers in cosmetic compositions with natural mineral salts. These substances carry out functions of gelling agents, stabilizers, emulsifiers, binders, sensorial modifier agents. There is insufficient information about the interaction of polymers with the natural mineral salts and their influence on polymers properties in scientific and technical literature. The complexity and uniqueness of the composition of natural salts also represents certain difficulty in the evaluation of the interaction.Conclusion. Thus, regularities and peculiarities of natural mineral salts influence on the stability of solutions of polymers used in cosmetics as thickeners and gelling agents, is a promising direction of modern pharmaceutical practices study. 

The article describes approaches to standardization of chamomile flowers in European Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia, United States Pharmacopoeia, and State Pharmacopoeia thirteenth edition (SP XIII).The aim of this work is to analyze the quality requirements among Russian pharmacopoeia and foreign pharmacopoeias for medicinal plant raw material (MPRM) – chamomile flowers.Materials and methods. Monographs about chamomile flowers, which are found in the current editions of the Russian pharmacopoeia and the world’s major pharmacopoeias were the objects of the study. A comparative analysis of the quality parameters specified in the monographs was carried out. Quality requirements for the essential oil and fluid extract of chamomile given in the European and British pharmacopoeias were also analyzed.Results and discussion. Some differences in the approaches to the standardization of chamomile flowers in the pharmacopoeias of different countries were revealed. SP XIII contains a more detailed description of the diagnostic signs of this MPRM and its impurities. According to the SP XIII, flavonoids are the main groups of biologically active substances (BAS) for MPRM identification, while other pharmacopoeias declare essential oil as a main BAS of chamomile flowers. Meanwhile, the composition of the essential oil components is different in European, British, and the United States Pharmacopeias. There is a tendency for the foreign pharmacopoeias to quantify the individual compounds, whereas in SP XIII chamomile flowers are standardized by the amount of BAS of different groups. The differences in the BAS determination approaches could be apparently explained by the chemical composition diversity of chamomile flowers. It should be mentioned that quality requirements of MPRM are of great importance either in the process of plant-based drugs development or when individual compounds extraction is performed.Conclusion. Thus the greatest differences between the chamomile flowers parameters have SF XIII and the foreign pharmacopoeias. SF XIII has the most detailed description of diagnostic signs of the medicinal plant raw material and the impurities in it. For the foreign pharmacopoeias there is a tendency to the quantitative analysis of the individual substances while in SF XIII chamomile flowers are standardized upon a sum of biologically active substances. 

The problem of drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment is complex and urgent: the standardof treatment includes the oral administration of six names of antibiotics, i.e. up totwenty tablets a day by the patient. This causes severe side effects, including those appeareddue to the formation of toxic products of drug interactions in the body. Therefore, itis important that some drugs dissolve in a stomach, and others – in the intestine, which willlead to increased bioavailability, reduced dosage and toxicity. The development of targeteddelivery systems for drugs with controlled release, targeted delivery and minimization ofside effects are of interest. One of the promising methods is polyelectrolytic multilayersand the technology of creating such layers by a step-by-step adsorption of heterogeneouslycharged polyelectrolytes.The aim of this article is the microencapsulation of anti-tuberculousdrugs into biopolymers coated with polyelectrolytic multilayers, and the solubilitystudy of microcapsules at pH values simulating various parts of the gastrointestinal tract.Materials and methods. Drugs as isoniazide, pyrazinamide, moxifloxacin, and biopolymers:gellan, pectin and sodium alginate, chitosan and dextran sulfate, as well as EudragitS are used to prepare microcapsules. The obtained microcapsules are studied by a methodof scanning electron microscopy. Quantitative determination of the effectiveness of the inclusionof drugs in microcapsules was carried out using pharmacopoeial methods.Results and discussion. The inclusion efficiency rises with an increase of biopolymer concentration. The inclusion efficiency increases in the row isoniazide

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