Vol 10, No 2 (2023)

The sanctions imposed on the Russian Federation have led to a close interest in the topic of this article. The existing approaches to the definition of food security are systematized. The authors' definition of food security is given. It reflects the specifics and abundance of influencing factors.The analysis of approaches to the definition of food security is carried out through the prism of chronology and documenting this category, starting with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) to the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation (2020) and the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation (2021). The development of the concept of food security has been changing; to a greater extent it fas been adapting to the challenges and demands of the time.The dynamics of the development of the meaning and content of food security is considered through the prism of historical, retrospective development. A conclusion about the enrichment of the economic content of this concept is made.The components of food security, criteria of world food security and approaches to the classification of food security are systematized. The comparison of the strategic objectives of food security and the definitions of food security in the doctrines of food security of the Russian Federation in 2010 and 2020 is carried out. Conclusions about their differences are drawn.When conducting a comparative characterization of food security, the authors' formulation of the definition is proposed. It allows reflecting all modern aspects of the impact on food security.The article will be of interest to students of the Economic Security Programme, students of the departments of retraining and professional development in economics.

To solve the problem of food security of the Russian population, it is necessary to adapt the national food system to new global challenges. In the conditions of dynamically changing external and internal factors, transformation of food systems should be based on national priorities. The provision of food to the population in accordance with rational consumption standards based on the sustainable development of the agri-food complex is the main national priority. The article discusses theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the concept of the food system sustainability and various methods of its measurement. Assessment of the food system sustainability from the point of view of national food security involves a priority study of the dynamics and structure of the food supply. The analysis of changes in the production and consumption of basic foodstuffs in the Russian Federation was carried out over two periods: pre-sanctions (2007-2013) and under the conditions of sanctions pressure and food embargo (from 2014 to the present). Positive dynamics of growth and improvement of the structure of consumption of basic foodstuffs were revealed. In the first period, the sustainability of consumption of a number of food products was supported by imports. The second period is characterized by a significant increase in the share of domestic production in food resources. The necessity of transition to qualitative criteria for assessing food security on the basis of sustainable development of the agri-food complex of the country is substantiated.

Modern macroeconomic shocks have had a significant impact on the world grain market, in particular wheat. This determines both opportunities and risks for Russia as the main supplier of grain to the world market. The purpose of the study is to identify trends in the formation and consumption of grain resources to clarify Russia's position on the world grain market. The actual data for 2017-2021 and preliminary estimates, forecasts of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and of the Institute of Agricultural Market Conjuncture for 2022-2023 were used as the information base. The main trends of the grain market and Russia's position as the main supplier of grain to the world market are outlined. The results of the study are of practical importance for optimizing the development strategy of the Russian grain complex and grain export policy, including wheat.

Agriculture is slower to adapt to the business environment due to a number of specific features of the industry, in particular agrobiological factors, demand low elasticity, production seasonality. This requires the search for effective tools to flexibly adapt the capabilities of the enterprise to market requirements. It is the introduction of a marketing approach into the practical activities of agricultural producers that will ensure a more rapid adaptation to the market environment and ensure competitiveness and sustainable development. Foreign experience and domestic practice show that marketing is an important component of agricultural enterprises with their market orientation, which provides wider opportunities for their development. However, the introduction and application of the marketing concept among agricultural producers is very slow. Therefore, the problem of the development of marketing activities in the current economic conditions is extremely relevant.

Ensuring the food security of the region is one of the directions of its sustainable development. Amidst world economy turbulence and unstable political situation, the development of the regional food and processing industry is of particular importance. The solution of the problem of providing the population with food, and agricultural producers with an affordable market for their products serve as the basis for a deep and comprehensive analysis, evaluation and placement of processing enterprises.The authors of the article carried out a study of the current situation in the food industry of the Omsk region.The results of the analysis and assessment of the e food and processing industry are necessary for public administration in order to properly navigate the current situation, develop appropriate economic policies aimed at improving the efficiency of the agricultural sector of the region's economy, scientists and practitioners involved in the development of regional industrial complexes in modern conditions.FUNDING: The study was carried out within the framework of the assignment of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation (Contract No. 8-2022 of 12.05.2022).