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Том 13, № 1 (2023)
Articles
Mega regional trade agreements: a threat or a new promising direction of global trade liberalization?
Аннотация
The article discusses a new direction of trade regionalization, which has clearly manifested itself in the last decade in the form of mega regional trade and investment agreements. Based on a comparative analysis of the main characteristics, features and economic potential of various mega regional trade associations, the following thesis is substantiated.Gradually, against the background of the protracted institutional crisis of the World Trade Organization, the center of trade negotiations is shifting from the global to the regional level. At the same time, an increasingly important role in these processes is being played not by developed countries, which have largely exhausted their own limits of liberalization, but by developing countries of the Global South. The article may be of interest to experts in the field of trade policy, international experts, as well as anyone interested in new trends in international economic relations.
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):11-24
11-24
Global experience of regional policy instruments to reduce socio-economic disparities
Аннотация
The article systematises the global experience of implementing regional policy instruments aimed at reducing disparities in the levels of socio-economic development. The experience of the EAEU member states, the EU, the WTO, etc. has been studied. It has been revealed that financial instruments are mainly used to: accelerate economic growth of lagging regions within the countries; improve the tax system (reduction of tax rates for citizens with lower nominal incomes by increasing the rates of the wealthiest citizens); attract investment; realize production potential; improve social and housing conditions of the population; provide employment, etc. The effectiveness of such measures in many member states of integration alliances is quite high. It has been noted that non-financial instruments to stimulate economic growth and reduce existing disparities in the levels of socio-economic development are also significant and relevant.FUNDING:The article was prepared within the framework of the state task of the MEI RAS: the research topic «Modeling of the processes of ensuring sustainable and balanced socio-economic and spatial development of Russia and neighboring countries in order to form a Large Eurasian partnership»; the research topic «Institutional transformation of economic security in solving socio-economic problems of sustainable development of the national economy of Russia».
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):25-36
25-36
Assessing Korea's trade stability against international economic crisis
Аннотация
In recent years, the system of international economic relations is experiencing a deep crisis. The model of the global liberal world order is undergoing a significant reformatting. At the same time, there is no methodology in the scientific literature that allows assessing the stability of trade and economic relations between the countries of the world. This does not allow an objective assessment of the nature and depth of the changes taking place in the world on the countries' positions in world trade. The method of analysis of the countries' foreign trade developed by the authors is aimed at solving this scientific problem. Based on the statistics of foreign trade of the Republic of Korea, which is one of the most developed economies of the modern world, the authors show how the structure of foreign trade relations of this country changes in the long term. The article will be of interest to those who professionally deal with the problems of the world economy and international economic relations, federal and regional government bodies responsible for the implementation of foreign trade relations, researchers, teachers and graduate students.FUNDING.This work was supported by the Core University Program for Korean Studies through the Ministry of Education of the Republic of the Korea and Korean Studies Promotion Service of the Academy of Korean Studies (AKS-2019-OLU-2250001)\"; \"이 논문 또는 저서는 2019년 대한민국 교육부와 한국학중앙연구원 (한국학진흥사업단)을 통해 해외한국학중핵대학육성사업의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임 (AKS-2019-OLU-2250001).
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):37-50
37-50
Pan-Africanism as continental identity or the peculiarities of integration in Africa
Аннотация
The peculiarities of integration in Africa are of increasing interest to the world community, due to the unique features of the continent, which is home to more than 17% of the world's population. Africa has the largest number of states, which determines the specifics of the integration model. In this article, the author defines the features of the economic integration of African countries and assesses the future prospects of integration on the African continent. The author substantiates the position that the model of economic integration of African countries differs from the models available in world practice. This model is based on regional economic communities. At first, integration in Africa is ensured at the regional level by creating and strengthening regional economic communities, which subsequently unite into a single economic union. In addition, the article highlights five main stages of economic integration in Africa, including the formation of the Union of African States, the creation of the Organization of African Unity, the formation of the African Economic Community, the African Union and the African Continental Free Trade Area. The article is intended for specialists in world economy and international relations, economists, Africanists, as well as anyone interested in integration and international economic relations in general.
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):51-78
51-78
Current status and prospects for the development of trade and economic relations between Russia and Ethiopia
Аннотация
The implementation of foreign trade and socio-economic relations with other countries is an important factor in strengthening the state in the global economy. The introduction of sanctions by the United States and Western European countries against our country has revealed the need to reorient Russia's foreign trade towards friendly countries. African countries, and Ethiopia in particular, are among these countries.In this article, trade and economic relations between Russia and Ethiopia are considered. Prospects for their development are identified. The analysis of the foreign trade of the Volga Federal District and Ethiopia revealed promising export directions of the Samara region to this country. When considering the total imports of Ethiopia and the total exports of the Samara region by commodity groups of HS (6 characters), the intersections of domestic demand and external supply were revealed.Based on this study, conclusions about the possibility of organizing export flows from the Samara region to Ethiopia for a group of mineral raw materials, food, machinery and equipment were drawn.
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):79-92
79-92
Forecast of India's economic development and assessment of prospects for cooperation with Russia
Аннотация
The article analyzes the prospects and approximate scenario of the formation of the Indian economy by the end of the third decade of this century. Possible ways to achieve this result, risks, conditions and other features that distinguish the economy of India from the rest of the world are considered. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the authors' analysis of the real prospects for the development of the Indian economy based on a large volume of relevant statistical information. The results of scenario analysis and assessment of the economic effect of the growth of the Indian economy for Russia are presented. Advantages, risks and prospects of development of mutual cooperation are defined.
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):93-118
93-118
Comparative analysis of economic reforms in Russia and China
Аннотация
The differences in the ways of reform in Russia and China, which affected the overall economic development of the countries, are considered. The failure of reforms in Russia has led to certain consequences in the perception of the entire regulatory order and people's trust in the state. Shocking therapy and privatization in Russia have determined a strong income differentiation, unabated to date. The reforms in China were based on economic goals; in Russia the goals were both political and economic. This predetermined a more successful course of reforms in China, and less successful (or even unsuccessful) reforms in Russia.
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):119-134
119-134
Priorities for ensuring the sustainable development of the EAEU countries
Аннотация
The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of ensuring the sustainable development of the EAEU countries. In conditions of uncertainty and rapid changes in the global economic environment, it is necessary to have a digital transformation strategy and tools to ensure the sustainable development of the EAEU countries. The quality of life is an integral indicator of the socio-economic system and the level of potential opportunities for sustainable development. The calculated indicators of the sustainable development model, the dynamics of changes in the quality of life, the level of digitalization of economies, the ranking of sustainable development and the quality of life in the EAEU countries are presented. The directions of increasing the competitiveness of the economies of the EAEU member states are proposed. The article may be of interest to researchers of the digital transformation and sustainable development of the EAEU, as well as to practical managers who develop and implement strategies for the innovative development of the EAEU countries.
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):135-158
135-158
Comparative analysis of foreign economic integration models of the late Soviet Union, the post-Soviet period and Russia's current stage of development
Аннотация
The article is devoted to the study of formation of various economic models in Russia. At the same time, the country's involvement in world economic relations is taken into account. The main features of the late USSR economy, which is characterized as relatively closed, are analyzed. The set of objective and subjective prerequisites for its transformation into an open economy of the post-Soviet type is considered. A comprehensive description of destructive processes is given. These processes are as follows: sanctions, withdrawal of the largest companies from the Russian market, assets freezing. This leads to the actual dismantling of the post-Soviet model. The author reveals the basic principles and mechanisms of the formation of a new sovereign model. This model is interpreted as a limited open economy. The article implements the author's methodology of comparative analysis of the studied three models in terms of the specifics of their integration into the world economy.
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):159-180
159-180
Analysis and assessment of scenarios for Russia's socio-economic development under the sanctions embargo and unpredictable global economic trends
Аннотация
In this article, a study of possible scenarios and forecasts of the Russian economy development is conducted. The research is based on the analysis of the macroeconomic indicators' dynamics, taking into account the sanctions wars and trends in the development of the world economy. The authors consider the sanctions packages imposed against Russia, the anti-sanctions measures and their effectiveness. According to the data of the Bank of Russia, the Center for Macroeconomic Analysis and Short-term Forecasting, and expert economists, scenarios of socio-economic development of Russia are analyzed. According to the results of the study, the authors conclude about the rapid sanctions adaptation of the Russian economy and the possibility of its active transformation. Possible anti-sanctions measures to implement a favorable scenario were noted.
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):181-202
181-202
Regional export potential amidst sanctions (on the example of the Altai Territory)
Аннотация
The article considers theoretical approaches to the definition of the concept of the regional export potential. A review of the methods used has been carried out. Taking into account the development of economic sanctions against Russia, the methodological approach to the assessment of the regional export potential has been supplemented.The assessment of the export potential of the Altai Territory was carried out. The authors determined that the value of the region's exports demonstrates a positive growth trend, which is caused by the clearly expressed specialization of the region and the established sales markets, represented mainly by the markets of countries friendly to Russia. The factors constraining the development of the export potential of the Altai Territory and requiring the intervention of state authorities at all levels are identified. From the point of view of practical testing of the methodology for assessing export potential on the materials of the Altai Territory, the article is of interest to researchers in the field of regional economic development.
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):203-216
203-216
Review of the monograph “Formation of a limited open economy of a sovereign type in modern Russia” / Alexander А. Afanasyev, M.: PRIMEC Publishers, 2022
Journal of International Economic Affairs. 2023;13(1):217-220
217-220