Civilizational Approach — a View from the Standpoint of Idealism

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The article examines the genesis and development of the civilizational approach. The author concludes that civilizational theory is becoming dominant in political, philosophical, cultural and historical discourses. At the same time, the modern civilizational approach is Eurocentric, impoverishes human creativity, dooming all non-Western paths of development to extinction. Considering the civilizational ideas of O. Spengler, A. Toynbee, F. Braudel, P. Sorokin, K. Jaspers, S. Huntington and others, the author comes to the conclusion that none of these approaches provides a convincing explanation for the reasons for the emergence of civilizations, and cannot fully explain their development, since they do not take into account man as a subject of their creation and development. The idealistic approach to history solves the problem of civilizations in a radically different way, believing that civilizations are created by specific people based on the ideas that underline their historical actions and creativity. Civilizations are considered by the author as a subjective-objective reality created by people based on different worldviews, as systems of hierarchically organized ideas. From the standpoint of the idealistic approach, Russian civilization is not a single socio-cultural formation. In its development, it consistently passes through four ideological forms: pagan, Orthodox, communist, liberal.

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作者简介

Grigory Gerasimov

Tula Museum of weapons

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: ggi1957@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4479-2620
SPIN 代码: 1735-0437
Researcher ID: R-7767-2016

Dr. Sci. (Hist.), Associate Professor, Scientific consultant

俄罗斯联邦, Tula

参考

  1. Alaev L.B. Smutnaya teoriya i spornaya praktika: o novejshih civilizacionnyh podhodah k vostoku i k Rossii //Istoricheskaya psihologiya i sociologiya istorii. 2008. V. 1. № 2. P. 84–112
  2. Anderson B. Voobrazhaemye soobshchestva. Razmyshleniya ob istokah i rasprostranenii nacionalizma / Per. s angl. V. G. Nikolaeva; vstup. st. S. P. Ban'kovskoj. M.: Kuchkovo pole, 2016. 416 p.
  3. Gerasimov G.I. Mirovozzrencheskie osnovy istorii Rossii (seredina XIX — nachalo XX vv.). Tula: Tretij put', 2019. 528 p.
  4. Gerasimov G. Idealisticheskij podhod k istorii: teoriya, metodologiya, koncepcii. Ekaterinburg: Izdatel'skie resheniya, 2022. 342 p.
  5. Герасимов Г. И. Ноосфера как субъективно-объективная реальность // Ноосферные исследования. 2024. №2. С. 5–14.
  6. Gerasimov G. I. Noosfera kak sub»ektivno-ob»ektivnaya real'nost' // Noosfernye issledovaniya. 2024. №2. P. 5–14.

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