Vol 5, No 2 (2023)

Modern society is on the threshold of a fundamental ontological transformation, in which a significant role is assigned to intelligent management systems that can change the face of society and determine the vector of its further development. The capabilities of intelligent management systems and the potential risks associated with its functioning quite reasonably acquire the status of an object of socio-philosophical analysis, the results of which should help to find an answer to the question of the fundamental possibility of transferring the entire volume of managerial manipulations to the competence of artificial management systems. The potential of possible transformations actualizes the need to discuss socially significant phenomena, such as: potential growth of unemployment, issues of ethics, moral choice and legal responsibility.

With the development of information technology, there are both new opportunities and challenges. Media generated by a neural network is becoming one of the most relevant trends of the present time. As the capabilities of the neural network increase, the question of how the media reality is formed under these conditions becomes more and more relevant. The article deals with the problem of the influence of neural networks on reality.

The article presents the results of the theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of the political, understood in its antagonistic dimension, in the context of classical and modern political and philosophical doctrines. The philosophical meanings and political implications of the antagonistic concepts of the political by Carl Schmitt and Chantal Mouffe, as well as the alternative concept of Ulrich Beck, are revealed. The author’s interpretation of Schmitt’s friend-enemy distinction is proposed as an inclusive antagonism that retains its political significance in the presence of an open possibility of its constitution. On the basis of the analysis of U. Beck’s ideas outlined in his work «The Invention of the Political», the theoretical inconsistency of the conflict-free model of the political is substantiated. The comparative analysis of the phenomenon of the political in the concepts of C. Schmitt and Ch. Mouffe has been carried out. The contingent nature of friend-enemy distinction, presented in the concept of Ch. Mouffe, in which antagonism becomes a modus of agonism, is substantiated.

The proposed article analyzes the phenomenon of rationality, mainly in the cultural and historical context in the process of academic research. Rationality is positioned as a universal component of any research process. Attention is focused on the fact that the phenomenon of rationality in itself within the cultural and historical context in the aspect of methodological research has not yet been clearly developed. In turn, the multidimensional nature of cultural and historical development contributes to the research interest in the phenomenon of rationality as a comprehensive full-scale form of demonstration of social experience in the intentional consciousness of the subject of reflection.

The article gives a brief overview of the problems faced by materialism in connection with the phenomenon of consciousness. Yet new arguments help to uncover the problems of alternative positions to materialism, above all, the dualism of properties. Key arguments show that it is difficult for non-physical consciousness to perceive its own nature even when it has direct access to experience. That is due to the fact that the physical substratum of consciousness implements a self-sufficient physical intelligence. And if that intelligence ceases to conclude that consciousness is non-physical, which would be unreasonable to it, then non-physical consciousness, despite any arguments it has had, inevitably comes to the wrong conclusion for itself that it is not non-physical. It turns out that consciousness requires such a study to know its nature, which paradoxically comes to the truth only in the error of the physical intelligence, with the latter constituting the intellectual faculties by which such inquiry is made. Such a need for error is difficult to justify. Likewise, by similar logic, it is impossible to prove flawlessly the existence of non-physical consciousness. If it existed, an individual with a perfect intelligence and direct, non-physical access to consciousness would come to a corresponding anti-physicalist conclusion on its basis. But such an outcome cannot happen, since this conclusion depends on an equally perfect and error-free physical intelligence, for which it is not true. Thus, we are deprived of sufficient justification to conclude that our consciousness is non physical. At the end, a path to finding a solution to the problem of consciousness is briefly outlined, providing a way out of a situation where there is such a strong critique for all positions in the philosophy of consciousness. It is related to an exploration of the nature of our antiphysicalist ideas.