The effects of low doses of bisphenol A on the morphology of oocytes in Wistar female rats exposed in vivo.



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Abstract

Introduction: The effect of bisphenol A on the maturation and quality of female gametes has been studied in a large number of papers by different authors. However, the main conclusions about the influence of this endocrine disruptor concerned disorders in oocyte maturation and chromosome segregation during meiosis, impaired distribution and functions of organelles, as well as dysfunctions of cumulus cells. At the same time, studies of the impact of bisphenol A on the morphology of human or animal oocytes are limited to data about the maturity of female gametes and do not study the features of intracytoplasmic and extracytoplasmic changes.

Aim of the research: analysis of morphological features of oocytes from mature Wistar rats under chronic exposure to low doses of bisphenol A in vivo.

Material and methods: Laboratory animals were divided into the experimental group consisting of animals receiving bisphenol A per os at a dose of 25 μg/kg bw daily for 45 days before oocyte collection (n=9, oocytes` number =74) and the control group including intact female rats (n=11, oocytes` number =105). The total relative content of all abnormal oocytes in each group, as well as the ratio of various forms of oocytes` dysmorphisms were analyzed.

Results: In the experimental group of animals, female gametes with intracytoplasmic disorders of morphology (peripheral granulation of the ooplasm), anomalies of the first polar body (increased size and fragmentation), morphological changes of zona pellucida and an increase of the perivitelline space were more common. The total relative content of oocytes with different dysmorphisms in animals of the experimental group was higher than in the control group.

Conclusion: Bisphenol A at a dose of 25 μg/kg bw administered orally daily for 45 days leads to the following changes in the morphology of mature Wistar rats` oocytes: an increase in the number of oocytes with peripheral granulation, giant first polar body and its fragmentation, anomalies of zona pellucida and an increase in the perivitelline space, as well as an increase in the total content of oocytes carrying a particular dysmorphism. Thus, the wide range of dysmorphisms observed in female gametes of rats that ovulated in the natural estrous cycle is the result of several potential mechanisms of the effect of bisphenol A on their growth and maturation.

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About the authors

Natalya Grybachyova

FSBEI HE «South-Ural State Medical University» MOH Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: natalya.v_microbiolog@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-1527-5500

Postgraduate (Biology) of Department of histology, embryology and cytology, FSBEI HE SUSMU MOH Russia

Russian Federation

Darya Soliannikova

Email: ZhdanovaDR@mail.ru

Gennadij Brukhin

Email: BGenVas@mail.ru

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