Features of HIV-infection in St-Petersburg



Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

HIV/AIDS epidemic is a great challenge to the health care system. The incidence of new HIV infections in the Russian Federation is among the highest in the world. Over the past decade, the number of officially registered HIV-infected persons in St. Petersburg has exceeded 30,000 people. At present, there is a shift from the IDU to the sexual route of HIV acquisition; the frequency of sexual HIV acquisition has doubled. Among the HIV-infected people those below 30 years of age predominate (57-62%); however, we also observe an increase in the incidence of HIV infection among people over 30 while the incidence of HIV infection among younger population decreases. Beginning from 2002, the detection rate of HIV infection in pregnant women and the number of children born to HIV-infected mothers has been persistently increasing. In St. Petersburg the rate of mother-to-child HIV transmission remains high (6.7%). Over the last years, there is an increase in the number of patients with advanced stages of HiV (4A, 4B, 4C).The statistical data analysis revealed that the leading opportunistic infections are mycobacterial infection, candidiasis and Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). The number of people infected with both HIV and tuberculosis increases 1.5 times every year.The mortality analysis showed the persistent increase in the mortality rate among patients in the AIDS stage (from 14.2% in 2004 to 41.0% in 2008). This observation is related both to the improvement of HIV detection and increase in HIV disease severity.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

N A Beliakov

Djanelidze Institute of Ambulance Medicine, St. Petersburg

E V Stepanova

Djanelidze Institute of Ambulance Medicine, St. Petersburg

A C Rakhmanova

Djanelidze Institute of Ambulance Medicine, St. Petersburg

V E Jolobov

Djanelidze Institute of Ambulance Medicine, St. Petersburg

G V Volkova

Djanelidze Institute of Ambulance Medicine, St. Petersburg

S I Dvorak

Djanelidze Institute of Ambulance Medicine, St. Petersburg

O V Panteleeva

Djanelidze Institute of Ambulance Medicine, St. Petersburg

References

  1. Акатова Н.Ю., Степанова Е.В., Виноградова Е.Н. и др. Роль дородового наблюдения в профилактике перинатальной передачи ВИЧ-инфекции // Эпидемиол. и инф. болезни. 2007. № 4. С. 25-27.
  2. ВИЧ-инфекция // Информационный бюллетень №31/ В.В. Покровский, Н.Н. Ладная, Е.В. Соколова, Е.В. Буравцова. М., 2008. 24 с.
  3. Ладная Н.Н. Эпидемиологическая ситуация по ВИЧ/СГШДу в России (по данным Федерального научно-методического центра по профилактике и борьбе со СПИДом // Доклад на совещании по вопросу обеспечения универсального доступа к профилактике, лечению, уходу и поддеряосе при ВИЧ-инфекции для населения Российской Федерации. М., 2005.
  4. Покровский В. Эпидемия ВИЧ/СПИДа в России: тенденции, уроки, основные проблемы и возможности для расширения ответных действий // Доклад на XVI Международной конференции по СПИДу. Торонто, Канада, 2006.
  5. Рахманова А.Г. Противовирусная терапия ВИЧ-инфекции. Химиопрофилактика и лечение ВИЧ-инфекции у беременных и новорожденных / НИИХ СПбГУ. СПб., 2001. С. 76-88.
  6. Рахманова А.Г., Виноградова Е.Н., Воронин Е.Е. и др. ВИЧ-инфекция. Самара, 2004. 696 с.
  7. Трансатлантические партнеры против СПИДа (Программа Till 1С). Дети, роясденные ВИЧ-инфицированными ясенщинами, и социальное сиротство: анализ ситуации в России. М., 2004. 44 с.
  8. Шарапова О.В., Садовникова В.Н., Терентьева Ж.В. Современные аспекты профилактики передачи ВИЧ-инфекции от матери ребенку в Российской Федерации // Альманах «Инфекционные болезни 2006». СПб., 2007. С. 201-207.
  9. Elliott A.M. et al. The impact of human immunodeficiency virus on mortality of patients treated for tuberculosis in a cohort study in Zambia // Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 1995. №89. P. 78-82.
  10. Euro Т.В. Surveillance of tuberculosis in Europe: report on tuberculosis cases notified in 2003. Saint-Maurice, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, 2005. (http://www.eu-rotb.org/rapports/2003/report_2003.htm, accessed 7 August 2006)
  11. European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS (EuroHIV). HIV/AIDS surveillance in Europe: end-year report 2004. Saint-Maurice, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, 2005. № 71. (http://www.eurotb.org/ reports/report_71 /pdf/report_eurohiv_71.pdf, accessed 29 September 2006)
  12. Global tuberculosis control: surveillance, planning, financing. Geneva, WHO, 2006 (WHO/HTM/2006). 326 p.
  13. Harries A.D. et al. Deaths from tuberculosis in Sub-Saharan African countries with a high prevalence of HIV-1 // The Lancet. 2001. Vol. 357. № 9267. P. 1519-1529.
  14. Hillis S., Kuklina E., Akatova N. et al. Epidemiology of perinatal HIV transmission in St. Petersburg, Russia // XVII International AIDS Conference, 3-8 August 2008. Mexico City. Abstr. MOPE0509.
  15. Piot P. Uniting the world against AIDS // Speech at the Conference «Responsibility and Partnership - Together against HIV/AIDS». Bremen, 2007.
  16. Recommendations for use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant HIV infected women for maternal health and interventions to reduce perinatal HIV transmission in the United States // US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. July 8, 2008. 98 p.
  17. UNATDS. Bringing HIV prevention to scale: an urgent global priority // Report of the Global HIV Prevention Working Group. Geneva, 2007.
  18. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Public Health Service Task Force. Recommendations for the use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant women infected with HIV-1 for maternal health and for reducing perinatal HTV-1 transmission in the United States // Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2003. Vol. 47. P. 1-30.
  19. WHO/CDC PMTCT Generic Training Package // Participant Manual. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2004. P. 240.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2009 Beliakov N.A., Stepanova E.V., Rakhmanova A.C., Jolobov V.E., Volkova G.V., Dvorak S.I., Panteleeva O.V.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 74760 от 29.12.2018 г.


This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies