Cortisol and BDNF levels in depression within schizophrenia structure: approach to treating
- Authors: Nikiforova Y.S.1, Mazo G.E.1
-
Affiliations:
- Saint Petersburg Scientific Research Psychoneurological Institute named after MV Bekhterev
- Issue: Vol 14, No 3 (2016)
- Pages: 12-17
- Section: Articles
- Submitted: 26.10.2016
- Published: 15.09.2016
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/RCF/article/view/3696
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/RCF14312-17
- ID: 3696
Cite item
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of depression on the level of cortisol and BDNF in patients with schizophrenia 25 inpatients, who met the diagnostic criteria for ICD-10 schizophrenia (F20), were examined. The examination included clinical, psychopathological, laboratory and psychometric methods. Patients were examined twice: at admission and after 6 weeks of treatment. It was found that the level of BDNF in schizophrenic patients with depressive symptoms was significantly lower than that of non-depressed patients, and the level of cortisol in patients with depression was significantly higher.
Full Text
![Restricted Access](https://journals.eco-vector.com/lib/pkp/templates/images/icons/text_lock.png)
About the authors
Yulia S. Nikiforova
Saint Petersburg Scientific Research Psychoneurological Institute named after MV Bekhterev
Author for correspondence.
Email: nikiforova_yulia@list.ru
MD Russian Federation
Galina E. Mazo
Saint Petersburg Scientific Research Psychoneurological Institute named after MV Bekhterev
Email: Galina-mazo@yandex.ru
MD, PhD
Russian FederationReferences
- Addington DE, Addington JM, Maticka-Tyndale E. Specificity of the calgary depression scale. Schizophrenia Res. 1993;9(2-3):91. doi: 10.1016/0920-9964(93)90083-u.
- Anderson G, Berk M, Dodd S, et al. Immuno-inflammatory, oxidative and nitrosative stress, and neuroprogressive pathways in the etiology, course and treatment of schizophrenia. Progr Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2013;42:1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.10.008.
- Arnsten AFT. Stress signalling pathways that impair prefrontal cortex structure and function. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2009;10(6):410-422. doi: 10.1038/nrn2648.
- Belsky J, Pluess M. Beyond diathesis stress: Differential susceptibility to environmental influences. Psychol Bull. 2009;135(6):885-908. doi: 10.1037/a0017376.
- Bollini AM, Walker EF, Hamann S, Kestler L. The influence of perceived control and locus of control on the cortisol and subjective responses to stress. Biol Psychol. 2004; 67(3):245-260. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2003.11.002.
- Castle D, Sham P, Murray R. Differences in distribution of ages of onset in males and females with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Res. 1998;33(3):179-183. doi: 10.1016/s0920-9964(98)00070-x.
- Cheng TMK, Lu Y-E, Guest PC, et al. Identification of Targeted Analyte Clusters for Studies of Schizophrenia. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2009;9(3):510-522. doi: 10.1074/mcp.m900372-mcp200.
- Cotton SM, Lambert M, Schimmelmann BG, et al. Depressive symptoms in first episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Schizophrenia Res. 2012;134(1):20-26. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2011.08.018.
- Cuesta MJ, Peralta V. Integrating psychopathological dimensions in functional psychoses: a hierarchical approach. Schizophrenia Res. 2001;52(3):215-229. doi: 10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00190-0.
- Czéh B, Perez-Cruz C, Fuchs E, Flügge G. Chronic stress-induced cellular changes in the medial prefrontal cortex and their potential clinical implications: Does hemisphere location matter? Behav Brain Res. 2008;190(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.02.031.
- Hambrecht M, Maurer K, Häfner H, Sartorius N. Transnational stability of gender differences in schizophrenia? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1992; 242(1):6-12. doi: 10.1007/bf02190336.
- Hansen AM, Persson R, Garde AH, Karlson B, Orbaek P. Diurnal profiles of salivary cortisol on workdays among construction workers versus white-collar workers. Scand J Work Environ Health.2006;32:22.
- Honea RA, Cruchaga C, Perea RD, et al. Characterizing the Role of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Genetic Variation in Alzheimer’s Disease Neurodegeneration. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(9):e76001. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076001.
- Issa G, Wilson C, Terry AV, Pillai A. An inverse relationship between cortisol and BDNF levels in schizophrenia: Data from human postmortem and animal studies. Neurobiol Dis. 2010;39(3):327-33. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2010.04.017
- Joëls M. Functional actions of corticosteroids in the hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008;583(2-3):312-321. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.11.064.
- Karssen AM, Her S, Li JZ, et al. Stress-induced changes in primate prefrontal profiles of gene expression. Mol Psychiatry. 2007;12(12):1089-1102. doi: 10.1038/sj.mp.4002095.
- Knorr U, Vinberg M, Kessing LV, Wetterslev J. Salivary cortisol in depressed patients versus control persons: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2010;35:1275-1286. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.08.006.
- Kocabas NA, Antonijevic I, Faghel C, et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene polymorphisms. International Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2011;26(1):1-10. doi: 10.1097/yic.0b013e32833d18f8.
- Køster A, Lajer M, Lindhardt A, Rosenbaum B. Gender differences in first episode psychosis. Soc Psychiat Epidemiol. 2008;43(12):940-946. doi: 10.1007/s00127-008-0384-3.
- Kulkarni J, de Castella A, Fitzgerald PB, et al. Estrogen in Severe Mental Illness. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008;65(8):955-960. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.65.8.955.
- Leonard B, Maes M. Mechanistic explanations how cell-mediated immune activation, inflammation and oxidative and nitrosative stress pathways and their sequels and concomitants play a role in the pathophysiology of unipolar depression. Neurosci Biobeh Rev. 2012;36(2):764-785. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.12.005.
- Maj M, Ariano G, Arena F, Kemali D. Plasma Cortisol, Catecholamine and Cyclic AMP Levels, Response to Dexamethasone Suppression Test and Platelet MAO Activity in Manic-Depressive Patients.Neuropsychobiology. 2008;11(3):168-173. doi: 10.1159/000118071.
- Majadas S, Olivares J, Galan J, Diez T. Prevalence of depression and its relationship with other clinical characteristics in a sample of patients with stable schizophrenia. Comprehensive Psychiatry.2012;53(2): 145-151. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.03.009.
- Müller MJ, Brening H, Gensch C, et al. The Calgary Depression Rating Scale for schizophrenia in a healthy control group: Psychometric properties and reference values. J Affect Disord. 2005;88(1):69-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2005.04.005.
- Noto CS, Gadelha A, Belangero SI, et al. Association of biomarkers and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia. Neurosci Lett. 2011;505(3):282-285. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.10.042.
- Noto C, Ota VK, Gouvea ES, et al. Effects of Risperidone on Cytokine Profile in Drug-Naive First-Episode Psychosis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2014;18(4):042. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyu042.
- Noto C, Ota VK, Santoro ML, et al. Effects of depression on the cytokine profile in drug naïve first-episode psychosis. Schizophrenia Research. 2015;164(1-3):53-58. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.01.026.
- Oldehinkel AJ, Bouma EMC. Sensitivity to the depressogenic effect of stress and HPA-axis reactivity in adolescence: A review of gender differences. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2011;35(8):1757-1770. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.10.013.
- Peters A, Conrad M, Hubold C, et al. The principle of homeostasis in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system: new insight from positive feedback. AJP: Regulatory, Integr Comp Physiol.2007;293(1):R83-R98. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00907.2006.
- Riecher-Rössler A, Löffler W, Munk-Jørgensen P. What do we really know about late-onset schizophrenia? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1997;247(4):195-208. doi: 10.1007/bf02900216.
- Roceri M, Cirulli F, Pessina C, et al. Postnatal repeated maternal deprivation produces age-dependent changes of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in selected rat brain regions. Biol Psychiatry.2004;55(7):708-714. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.12.011.
- Rosenthal R. The file drawer problem and tolerance for null results. Psychol Bull. 1979;86(3):638-641. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.638.
- Sandi C, Woodson JC, Haynes VF, et al. Acute stress-induced impairment of spatial memory is associated with decreased expression of neural cell adhesion molecule in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57(8):856-864. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.12.034.
- Schennach-Wolff R, Obermeier M, Seemüller F, et al. Evaluating depressive symptoms and their impact on outcome in schizophrenia applying the Calgary Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand.2010;123(3):228-238. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01608.x.
- Seeman MV, Lang M. The Role of Estrogens in Schizophrenia Gender Differences. Schizophrenia Bull. 1990;16(2):185-194. doi: 10.1093/schbul/16.2.185.
- Song L, Che W, Min-wei W, et al. Impairment of the spatial learning and memory induced by learned helplessness and chronic mild stress. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2006;83(2):186-193. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2006.01.004.
- Swann AC, Stokes PE, Casper R, et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical function in mixed and pure mania. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1992;85(4):270-274. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1992.tb01468.x.
- Wei J, Sun G, Zhao L, Yet al. Analysis of hair cortisol level in first-episodic and recurrent female patients with depression compared to healthy controls. J Affect Disord. 2015;175:299-302. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.023.
- Weinstein AA, Deuster PA, Francis JL, et al. Neurohormonal and inflammatory hyper-responsiveness to acute mental stress in depression. Biol Psychol. 2010;84(2):228-234. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.01.016.
- Wu YC, Hill RA, Gogos A, van den Buuse M. Sex differences and the role of estrogen in animal models of schizophrenia: Interaction with BDNF. Neurosci. 2013; 239:67-83. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.10.024.
- Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67(6): 361-370. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x.
![](/img/style/loading.gif)