Vol 24, No 4 (2020)
- Year: 2020
- Articles: 7
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/RFD/issue/view/3308
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/RFD.20204
Original studies
Features of the clinical course of a new coronavirus infection in students who were under observation in the observatory
Abstract
The emerging epidemic of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), received the status of an emergency of international importance and attracted the attention of not only health professionals, but also the population around the world. Although the risk of severe health consequences from COVID-19 for young people without comorbidities is relatively low, an increase in the incidence of infection in this age group may lead to an increase in the proportion of people with severe disease, as well as the spread of infection among older age groups who are in close contact with them and are at high risk of mortality from COVID-19.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical features of the new coronavirus infection among students of the North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, placed in the observatory.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the observatory of the North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. All persons transferred to the observatory in the period from 21.04.2020 to 31.08.2020, epidemiological and clinical-anamnestic data were recorded. In a prospective study, all participants were asked to complete a Health Questionnaire (EQ-5D) over the phone 3 months after their stay at the observatory.
Results. 113 people participated in the study: 45.1% of men (n = 51) and 54.9% of women (n = 62). The average age of the respondents was 22.4 ± 2.5 years. When conducting a multivariate analysis, it was found that gender, age, belonging to an ethno-linguistic group, and chronic diseases are not reliable factors associated with the development of COVID-19 participants. According to the results of a prospective study, a statistically significant difference between the responses of respondents who had and did not have COVID-19 was obtained with a positive answer to the question about the presence of pain and discomfort (p < 0.05).
Attitudes of students, residents and general practitioners towards vaccination
Abstract
The study presented in the article was performed at the Department of Family Medicine of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. The aim of study was to assess the attitude of general practitioners, residents, and students towards vaccination.
Materials and methods. The study involved 22 students, 14 residents and 21 general practitioners. Participants completed a questionnaire that included questions about self-assessment of the level of knowledge in the field of vaccination, attitude towards vaccination, opinion about its effectiveness, etc. Statistical analysis was performed using the software SPSS 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and MedCalc 11.5.00 (Medcalc Software, Oostende). The Chi-square test was used to assess intergroup differences.
Results and discussion. 61% of the participants rated their own level of knowledge in the field of vaccine prevention as good, 21% as satisfactory and 5% as excellent. The most confident in their level of knowledge were students, in the second place – residents and in the third place – doctors (p < 0.05). 90% of respondents identified their attitude to vaccination as positive. 95.5% of students, 85.7% of residents and 76.2% of doctors noted that vaccination is necessary (mandatory). The effectiveness of vaccination is considered high by 86% of participants. When asked whether the respondents do preventive vaccinations for themselves and their children, the majority chose the options “Yes, within the national calendar plus additional” and “all within the national calendar” (51% and 39%, respectively).
Conclusion. The attitude of the surveyed doctors, residents and students to vaccination is mostly positive, the majority of respondents assess the effectiveness of vaccination as high. Most respondents are vaccinated in accordance with the national vaccination schedule, a large proportion of respondents also do vaccinations that are not included in the national schedule. Almost all respondents recommend preventive vaccinations to patients.
Opinion of students of medical university on methods of contraception and prevention of unwanted pregnancy
Abstract
The article analyzes an opinion of 6th grade of young women, the 6th grade medicine students, on the topic of using contraceptive methods for preventing unwanted pregnancy.
In the North-Western State University named after I.I. Mechnikov an anonymous poll was conducted by filling specially prepared questionnaires, that included 29 questions and informed consent for using the results of the survey in scientific research. The study included an opinion of 300 6th grade students with the age 22 to 33 years.
The results of the survey about the most frequently used contraception methods by 6th grade students was provided as well as the purpose of using certain modern types of contraception, the awareness of students about the chosen methods of contraception.
Theory and practice
Heuristics, language and medical errors
Abstract
The use of heuristics, cognitive “rules of thumb” or “shortcuts”, are a common part of medical decision making. While using heuristics lessens the cognitive burden of decision making and often comes up with the correct answer, reliance on heuristics can also lead to medical errors. In this introduction we will define heuristics and discuss some of the more common heuristics/biases that may lead to biased decision making and patient harm. We will also look at the use of language in medicine and how that can lead us to make diagnostic errors.
News
Results of the conference with international participation “Respiratory diseases in general practice”
Abstract
The article provides information about the conference with international participation “Respiratory diseases in general medical practice”, which was held on-line on the webinar.ru platform on October 14, 2020. The main provisions of the reports included in the program of this event are presented.
School on HIV infection for future doctors of various specialties Vera HIV med school: importance and value for a young doctor
Abstract
The article presents a brief overview of the materials received by the author in September 2020 at the School “HIV infection for future doctors of various specialties” (Moscow), in which she participated as a resident of the Department of Family Medicine of the North-Western State Medical University named I.I. Mechnikov. The goal of the School is to raise the awareness of young doctors on the topic of HIV infection and reduce the level of discrimination against people living with HIV in the health sector.