Autonomous variability: phenomenon and possible mechanisms



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Abstract

The present paper is devoted to autonomous variation. It is shown that such type of variation is determined by entirely stochastic molecular processes. Therefore it can't be reduced to other types of variation that depend on some differences in genetic material, developmental stage or environmental influences. Certain examples of autonomous variation in plants and animals are observed. The possible mechanisms of this variation are discussed.

About the authors

Oleg N Tikhodeyev

Saint-Petersburg State University., Saint-Petersburg, RF

Email: tikhodeyev@mail.ru

Tatyana V Zhurina

Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, RF

References

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  102. Hume D. Probability in transcriptional regulation and its implication for leukocyte differentiation and inducible gene expression//Blood. -2000. -Vol. 96, N 7. -P. 2323-2328.
  103. Kakutani Т., ManukataK., Richards E.J. andHirochika H. Meiotically and mitotically stable inheritance of DNA hypomethylation induced by ddml mutations of Arabidopsis thaliana//Genetics. -1999. -Vol. 151, N2. -P. 831-838.
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  105. KronhamnJ., FreiE., DaubeM., JiaoR., Shi Y, NollM. & Rasmuson-Lestander A. Headless flies produced by mutations in the paralogous Рахб genes eyeless and twin of eyeless//Development. -2002. -Vol. 129, N4. -P. 1015-1026.
  106. Lee J.C. & Peter M.E. Regulation of apoptosis by ubiquitination//Immunol. Rev. -2003. -Vol. 193. -P. 39-47.
  107. Leyser H.M.O. & Furner I.J. Characterization of three shoot apical meristem mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana//Development. -1992. -Vol. 116, N2.-P. 397-403.
  108. Lulz F.E. Experiments with Drosophila ampelophila concerning evolution//Garnegie Inst. Publ. -1911. -N 143. -P. 1-35.
  109. McAdams H.H. & Arkin A. Stochastic mechanisms in gene expression//Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. -1997. -Vol. 94, N 3. -P. 814-819.
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  111. Nijhout H.F Development and evolution of adaptive polyphenisms//Evol. Dev. -2003. -Vol. 5,N 1-P. 9-18.
  112. Paldi A. Stochastic gene expression during cell differentiation: order from disorder?//Cell Mol. Life Sci. -2003. -Vol. 60, N 9. -P. 1775-1778.
  113. Palauqui J.C, Elmayan Т., De Borne F.D., Crete P., Charles C, VaucheretH. Frequencies, timing, and spatial patterns of co-suppression of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase in transgenic tobacco plants//Plant Physiol. -1996. -Vol. 112, N 4. -P. 1447-1456.
  114. Petersen N.S. Effects of heat and chemical stress on development//Adv. Genet. -1990. -Vol. 28. -P. 275-296.
  115. Plunkett C.R. The interaction of genetic and environmental factors in development//J. Exper. Zool-1926. -Vol. 46, N2. -P. 181-244.
  116. Pratt W.B. The hsp90-based chaperone system: involvement in signal transduction from a variety of hormone and growth factor receptors//Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. -1998. -Vol. 217, N 4. -P. 420-434.
  117. Queitsch C, Songster ТА. & LindquistS. Hsp90 as a capacitor of phenotypic variation//Nature. -2002. -Vol. 417, N 6889. -P. 618-24.
  118. Richer K. & Buchner J. Hsp90: chaperoning signal transduction//J. Cell Physiol. -2001. -Vol. 188, N 3. -P. 281-290.
  119. RoeS.M., Prodromou C, O'Brien R., LadburyJ.E., Piper P.W. & Pearl L.H. Structural basis for inhibition of the Hsp90 molecular chaperone by the antitumor antibiotics radicicol and geldanomycin//J. Med. Chem. -1999. -Vol. 42,N2.-P. 260-266.
  120. Running MP, Fletcher J.C. & MeyerowitzE.M. The WIGGUM gene is required for proper regulation of floral meristem size in Arabidopsis//Development. -1998. -Vol. 125, N 14. -P. 2545-2553.
  121. RutherfordS.L. & Lindquist S. Hsp90 as a capacitor for morphological evolution//Nature. -1998. -Vol. 396, N 6709. -P. 336-342.
  122. Scharloo W. Canalization: genetic and developmental aspects//Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. -1991. -Vol. 22. -P. 65-93.
  123. Scroggins B.T., Prince T, ShaoJ, Uma S, Huang W., Guo Y, YunB.G., Hedman K., Matts R.L. & Hartson S.D. High affinity binding of Hsp90 is triggered by multiple discrete segments of its kinase clients//Biochemistry. -2003. -Vol. 42, N 43. -P. 12550-12561. 31.
  124. Soltars V, Lu X., Xiao 1., Wang X., Garfmkel M.D. & Ruden DM. Evidence for an epigenetic mechanism by which Hsp90 acts as a capacitor for morphological evolution//Nature Genet. -2003. -Vol. 33, N 1. -P. 70-74.
  125. Tikhodeyev O.N. & Tikhodeyeva M.Y. Flower development in Trientalis europaea L.: The possible role of environment and stochastic events//Wulfenia. -2002. -Vol. 9. -P. 77-87.
  126. Tikhodeyev O.N., Neustroeva M.A. & Tikhodeyeva M.Y. (+1) and (-1) deviations in development of floral meristems in Trientalis europaea L.//Wulfenia. -2003. -Vol. 10. -P. 103-114.
  127. Timofeeff-Ressovsky N. W. Studies on the phenotype manifestation of hereditary factors. I. On the phenotypie manifestation of the genova-riation radius incompletus in Drosophila funebris//Genetics. -1927-Vol. 12. -P. 128-198.
  128. Via S., Comulkiewic: R, de Jong G., Schemer S.M., Schlichting CD. & van TienderenRH. Adaptive phenotypie plasticity: consensus and controversy//Trends Ecol.Evol. -1995.-Vol. 10.N5. -P. 212-217.
  129. Waddington С. Canalization of development and the inheritance of acquired characters//Nature. -1942. -Vol. 396. -P. 336-342.
  130. Waddington С. The Strategy of the Genes: A Discussion of Some Aspects of Theoretical Biology//New York: MacMillan. -1957. -262 p.
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Copyright (c) 2004 Tikhodeyev O.N., Zhurina T.V.

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