The Role of Oxidative Stress-Related Genes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Insights into Genetic Susceptibility and Pathogenesis



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Abstract

Oxidative stress is a major factor in the development and progression of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It drives metabolic disturbances, systemic inflammation, and ovarian dysfunction. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), combined with weakened antioxidant defenses, exacerbates insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and impaired folliculogenesis. Genetic variations in antioxidant genes further influence this imbalance, shaping individual susceptibility to PCOS.his review summarizes the role of key antioxidant defense genes, including SOD2, GPX1, GPX4, CAT, and PON1, and examines their associations with PCOS risk and clinical outcomes. Polymorphisms such as SOD2 rs4880 and GPX4 rs713041 show relatively consistent links with PCOS, whereas other variants display population-specific effects. Understanding the genetic basis of oxidative stress may advance biomarker discovery and support the development of personalized therapeutic strategies for women with PCOS.

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Светлана Витальевна Ломтева

CENTER OF HUMAN REPRODUCTION AND IVF; Southern Federal University

Author for correspondence.
Email: embryolab61@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8791-1936
Scopus Author ID: 6507751405

embryologist, Senior researcher, Ph.D. of Biological Sciences

 

Russian Federation

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