早产儿胃食管反流：肠外营养策略的研究

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优化营养支持对危重儿童至关重要，早产儿极易受到长时间禁食的影响。在科学文献中有很多证据表明肠内营养的好处。由于分解代谢过程占主导地位，早产儿需要一个单独的方法来组织喂养，而在重症监护病房治疗需要多余的卡路里。及时引入肠内喂养有助于降低该人群的发病率和死亡率。胃食管反流在早产儿中极为常见。由于对肠内喂养的耐受性降低，医生通常更倾向于肠外营养。然而，使用肠外营养可能与代谢、感染和医源性并发症有关。在早产儿胃食管反流的治疗中，建议循序渐进的治疗方法。对于无临床并发症的患儿，应以保守治疗为主。重病患者对胃管营养的耐受性并不总是很好。对于复杂的胃食管反流的治疗，广泛的研究表明，使用经腔喂养在效果上与胃底折叠术相当。食管穿刺术可以作为治疗胃食管反流的一种策略，保守治疗 难治性。

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作者简介

O. Smirnov

Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: dr.smirnov@list.ru

Postgraduate student, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

V. Gorbachev

Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education

Email: gorbachevvi@ya.ru

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

N. Aleinikova

Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education

Email: natal1972@mail.ru

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

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