Innervation of Bones. Autonomic Innervation. Part Two (A Review)

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Abstract

The peripheral nerves are involved in bone development, repair, and remodeling. The sympathetic nervous system is a key link between the central nervous system and skeleton, as determined by various anatomical, pharmacological, and genetic studies of β-adrenergic receptor signaling in bone cells. This study reviewed publications on the contribution of the autonomic nervous system to bone tissue homeostasis. A search for English and Russian scientific publications was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Crossref, and eLibrary. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that adrenergic neural structures promote bone loss by simultaneously enhancing bone catabolism and reducing bone anabolism. In contrast, cholinergic neural structure activation suppresses bone resorption, leading to increased bone mass. The effects of the autonomic nervous system on bone remodeling and their underlying mechanisms have been studied primarily in rodent models. However, the clinical relevance of the findings for human pathophysiology remains debatable. Regardless of their future validity and practical applicability, these data provide a promising basis for further studies.

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About the authors

Alina M. Khodorovskaya

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Author for correspondence.
Email: alinamyh@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2772-6747
SPIN-code: 3348-8038

MD

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Olga E. Agranovich

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: olga_agranovich@yahoo.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6655-4108
SPIN-code: 4393-3694

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Margarita V. Savina

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: drevma@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8225-3885
SPIN-code: 5710-4790

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Konstantin A. Afonichev

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: afonichev@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6460-2567
SPIN-code: 5965-6506

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Yuriy E. Garkavenko

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov

Email: yurijgarkavenko@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9661-8718
SPIN-code: 7546-3080

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg; Saint Petersburg

Evgenii V. Melchenko

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: emelchenko@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1139-5573
SPIN-code: 1552-8550

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Anna D. Dreval

Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University

Email: anndreval@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-3985-634X
SPIN-code: 4175-6620
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Daniil B. Vcherashniy

Ioffe Physical Technical Institute

Email: dan-v@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1658-789X
SPIN-code: 6139-7842

Cand. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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