Vol 25, No 8 (2023)

The main activities of the union state in the field of demography are strengthening the family, protecting women›s health, stimulating the birth rate, shaping and educating the sexual and reproductive behavior of adolescents, which will be carried out by the family, school, and education system. The stimulus that contributes to solving problems is the results achieved in the field of preventive activities of nurses and midwives, carried out in parallel in Russia and Belarus. This is an important part of the activities of health care systems and social services in the field of preventive medicine of a socially oriented union state.

Leuzea safflower has been known since ancient times for its medicinal properties and is used in traditional medicine. In recent years, interest in this plant has increased due to its adaptogenic properties and health-improving effects on the human body confirmed in many studies. This article discusses the main beneficial effects of levzea in comparison with other adaptogens, as well as the possibilities of increasing mental and physical performance with the help of levzea on the example of the preparation «Leuzea P».

Cancer prevention is currently divided into primary and secondary prevention. Primary prevention is a set of measures that prevents the development of the cancer process and includes, for example, health counseling and education, environmental control and product safety. Secondary prevention is a set of measures leading to the detection and control of cancer or precancerous processes at their localization, that is, screening, early detection and effective treatment. The risk of developing cancer exists throughout life for everyone, although it can vary in intensity in different groups. Together, primary and secondary prevention should be combined into optimal strategies throughout life that are best understood and evaluated in accordance with certain basic concepts of cancer epidemiology. The purpose of this article is to give a brief overview of these concepts applied to primary and secondary cancer prevention in humans. A deeper understanding of these concepts is essential for planning, implementing and evaluating prevention programs.

Semchishina Tatiana Mikhailovna, nurse anesthetist of the intensive care unit of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia

The article describes the results of the analysis of sleep disorders features in junior and senior students, which was conducted on the basis of PFUR Medical Institute. We used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to study sleep disorders. During the study, the features of sleep disorders were assessed according to the following components of the questionnaire: subjective assessment of sleep quality; sleep latency (the time required to fall asleep); sleep duration; percentage of time spent in bed when a person sleeps; the presence of various sleep disturbances; the taking of sleeping medicine; daytime dysfunction (violation of daytime functioning due to poor sleep quality). According to the results of the study, the hypothesis was confirmed: junior and senior students have different features of sleep disorders. Senior students are more likely to disrupt daytime functioning due to insufficient sleep duration and other sleep disorders. Junior students are tend to use sleeping medicine more often due to sleep disorders.

Training is an organized cognitive activity, both of a teacher and a student, which includes a number of cognitive mental processes — perception, memory, thinking, imagination and accessible transfer of accumulated knowledge necessary to solve special highly qualified processes in medicine. Solving the issues of improving the quality of education, it is possible to use the sequence of some stages of the cognitive process — this is the emergence of a problem situation in school, analyzing the situation, trying to solve this problem in known ways and the need to search for new solutions that will improve the quality of the educational process in medical schools.

The article deals with the organization of annual influenza vaccination of students of St. Petersburg Medical College No. 2, practical studies to assess the effectiveness of methods of specific and nonspecific prevention of influenza are given. All over the world, and this is reflected in the documents of the World Health Organization (WHO), the main measure to combat influenza epidemics is recognized as annual vaccination. The purpose of vaccination as a mass measure is to reduce the incidence of disease, especially severe forms of influenza. Modern vaccines, provided that vaccine and circulating strains match, provide an average 70–90% reduction in the incidence of influenza among people, 70‒85% reduction in the risk of serious complications, 56% reduction in the incidence of other acute respiratory viral infections, 48% reduction in the number of hospitalizations associated with complications of influenza. The peculiarity of influenza is that a person who has had this infection is not protected from it in the future; susceptibility to re-infection due to the variability of the influenza virus in people occurs in a short time.

In order to provide effective immunity against a new strain of the virus, vaccine formulations must be constantly modified. WHO and the Federal Service for Health Surveillance (Roszdravnadzor) make great efforts to achieve the best possible antigenic match between predicted epidemic virus strains and vaccine strains for any given year.

The article deals with the organization of preventive work of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine (COP) in students of medical college, practical observations among students of St. Petersburg College No. 2 are given in order to develop effective methods of disease prevention.

Professional burnout is a significant problem in the health professions, especially in dentistry. This article focuses on practical recommendations for preventing and overcoming burnout. It includes data and examples of professional burnout, analyzes the main causes and consequences, and offers individual and organizational strategies for overcoming this phenomenon.