Meditsinskaya sestra

The article contains the necessary information on diagnostics and treatment of functional disorders of the digestive organs in children. It takes into account modern clinical recommendations prepared by leading russian specialists in the field of pediatric gastroenterology and data from the Rome IV criteria, which summarize foreign experience. The mechanism of development of functional disorders of the digestive organs is presented, and terminology is discussed. The article examines the diagnostic criteria and principles of treatment of functional disorders of the digestive organs in children, including early age (infantile colic, infantile dyschezia, functional abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome, etc.). In all cases, an algorithm of nursing measures is proposed, indications for examination and hospitalization of children are given.

Professions related to medicine (doctors, paramedics, nurses, etc.) are professions that are characterized by the intensity and intensity of a psycho-emotional state, as well as an increased risk of professional burnout. If we talk about doctors who combine medical and administrative (chief doctors, deputy chief doctors, etc.) or medical and teaching (teachers of medical universities) activities, then they have a double burden and responsibility: they fall into the risk group for the development of professional burnout both as doctors and as health care professionals. and as teachers. Therefore, along with medical examinations for the timely detection of somatic diseases, it is important to periodically undergo tests to diagnose professional (emotional) burnout. However, when passing professional burnout tests in institutions, some employees may not answer questions quite honestly, because they want to present themselves in a better light and are afraid that they will have difficulties with the HR department. As additional methods to clarify the severity of psycho-emotional stress and, indirectly, emotional burnout, we can recommend psychological testing methods — tests to assess the level of anxiety, depression, neuroticism, and quality of life, which can also be used for self-diagnosis, in which the percentage of false positive responses is minimal. The article discusses several tests for assessing psycho-emotional status, which can be used to analyze the severity of anxiety, depression, and asthenia, which often accompany professional emotional burnout.

The current realities are the workload of primary care doctors in the context of a regular increase in the number of visits to polyclinic departments and an insufficient number of modern health protection tools for students in educational institutions. Modern technologies, such as the telemedicine questionnaire screening system "Telemed-3", combine both the State's need for personalized medicine based on modern technologies and the interest in artificial intelligence technologies on the part of the population, and may become an opportunity to reduce the burden on primary care physicians, while increasing the time to collect medical history. as well as a tool for promoting and teaching healthy lifestyle skills in educational institutions. (The maximum potential of Telemed-3 is revealed through the interaction of educational and polyclinic institutions, as this product, being a tool for promoting and teaching a healthy lifestyle, serves the cause of preventive medicine).

The purpose. The authors of the article, relying on Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 254, as well as Federal Law No. 273-FZ, set themselves the purpose: To assess the potential of modern technologies in facilitating the work of employees of preschool and school departments of polyclinics and employees of educational institutions for the development of personalized medicine, to form a system of motivation for children to lead a healthy lifestyle and prevent diseases.

Materials and methods. Regulatory documents (Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 514n, Minutes of the meeting at the Health Committee in Saint Petersburg); personal data collected from: students of GBOU Secondary School No. 348 (director Vasilyeva V.N.), patients of GBUZ "Children's City Polyclinic No. 73" (chief physician Maslentseva L.Yu.) Research and mathematical processing were carried out using the telemedicine system (TMS) on the AKDO APK version platform, registration certificate no. FSR 2009/95279, certified consultant of HIMSS Analytics, registration certificate No. RZN 2019/9419. Method: a questionnaire conducted using the telemedicine screening system "Telemed-3". The study involved students in grades 8-11 aged 15 to 17 years. The total number of participants is about 690 people. The study dates are February-March 2025.

The article presents current information on ischaemic colitis (IC), which is characterised by a diverse clinical picture ranging from mild self-limiting forms to severe gangrenous pancolitis associated with a high 50% mortality rate. Joint teamwork between a gastroenterologist, radiologist, endoscopist, and surgeon ensures early diagnosis and timely treatment strategy. The main focus is on the characteristics of the clinical picture, imaging diagnostic methods, and conservative therapy for benign non-gangrenous forms of ischaemic colitis.

Headache is one of the most common complaints in neurological practice, significantly affecting patients' quality of life and represents a serious medical and social issue. Among the various causes of headache, special attention should be given to the rare condition known as Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS), which requires timely diagnosis and differentiation from other conditions including migraine and cerebrovascular pathologies. RCVS is characterized by sudden, severe (thunderclap) headaches and reversible narrowing of cerebral arteries, which can lead to serious complications such as ischemic stroke or subarachnoid hemorrhage. Despite its typical clinical picture, RCVS often remains undiagnosed due to its overlap with migraines and other primary headaches. This emphasizes the need for physicians to be aware of the syndrome and how to differentiate it from other conditions. Migraine, especially its vestibular and chronic forms, presents diagnostic challenges as it may mimic or coexist with RCVS, as demonstrated in clinical cases. Exploring the relationship between these conditions and seeking new approaches to their diagnosis and treatment remains an urgent issue in modern neurology. This article presents two cases of RCVS associated with migraine: one involving a 49-year-old woman who developed acute neurological symptoms including vestibulocerebellar syndrome and conductive hearing loss, and the other involving a 30-year-old woman who developed RCVS after prolonged use of nasal vasoconstrictors. Both cases were diagnosed using MRI and angiography and treated successfully. Appropriate treatment led to clinical improvement. Both cases highlight the importance of differentiating between RCVS and vestibular migraine or identifying their comorbid course, as well as the need for a thorough anamnesis, including information on the use of vasoconstrictor drugs. The significance of this issue emphasizes the need for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to treating polymorbid patients. This approach is effectively applied in practice at the LMT-doctor clinic through the integration of doctors from various specialties.

The priority nutrition for a child is breast milk, which he can receive naturally or after expressing milk by any means available to the woman.

To initiate lactation and successful breastfeeding, mothers, especially first-time mothers, need support from any healthcare professional who interacts with them: obstetricians, nurses, pediatricians, gynecologists, and medical specialists. To this end, every healthcare professional should be aware of the benefits of breastfeeding for mother and baby in order to answer questions from breastfeeding women, provide support, strengthen their confidence in their own abilities, or convince them of the need to take measures to preserve and maintain lactation, and influence their behavior. Practical skills, such as the ability to latch the baby onto the breast or remove it correctly, are also important. This article is devoted to these moments of contact between mother and child.

According to statistics for 2024, TBI accounts for 30-50% of all injuries. 65% of cases are falls from one's own height and criminal acts, about 20% are road accidents and falls from height. The incidence of primary brain tumors is 12–14 cases per 100,000 population per year.

The process of patient recovery in the postoperative period and subsequent rehabilitation largely depends on the quality of nursing care. Improving the quality of care for patients with brain injuries and diseases helps prevent complications in the postoperative period and reduces the risk of disability.

An analysis of job descriptions of ward nurses of the neurosurgical department was conducted, and 50 ward nurses were interviewed. A survey of patients with brain injuries and diseases was also conducted to identify problems in the postoperative period.

Based on data from interviews with nursing staff and patient surveys, one can see a complete picture of the most important problems and complications of patients with brain injuries and diseases in the postoperative period.

To address such a large number of patients' problems in the postoperative period, it is advisable to create a protocol for caring for patients with brain injuries and diseases in the postoperative period, since a nurse provides care to a large number of patients and cannot remember all their problems.