Vol 333, No 9 (2012)

The necessity of improvement of the therapeutic care organization in the RF Armed Forces is dictated by the existing military threats. Conflicts between states or within a single country along with inefficiency of diplomatic,social and political efforts may lead to armed conflicts or local wars. Analysis of medical support results shows the consistent prevalence of therapeutic group of casualties in the overall structure of medical losses. 35—50% of all sanitary losses is accounted for by somatic diseases. Moreover, their structure is similar to the structure of the army’s peacetime morbidity rate. Respiratory diseases head the list of somatic diseases in military personnel. Next — diseases of the digestive and circulatory systems. One of the most important tasks for physicians in wartime is early diagnosis and treatment of visceral pathology in the wounded. An additional point is that the use of tactical nuclear weapons during the armed conflict or local war cannot be completely excluded. There is also a real risk of nuclear and chemical facilities damage, with consequences that are comparable to the use of nuclear or chemical weapons. Thus, in the course of armed conflict or local war, military physicians can meet all possible therapeutic spectrum of pathology: from visceral pathology of peace and wartime to combat related therapeutic pathology.

Results of medical examination of citizens of military age living in the Orenburg region for a decade are given. Noted that over the study period in the region have been positive changes: performance fitness for military service on health increased from 62,9% in 2000 to 67,7% in 2009 and projected to the positive dynamics in 2020 also marked improvement in physical fitness and the citizens of military age, a significant reduction in the number of recruits with poor and low power.

Analysis of the results of medical inspection of soldiers under contract taken place in 2005—2009 is given. In 48,9% of cases was revealed diseases of blood circulatory system. In patients with cardiovascular events in 42,2% of cases different forms of cerebrovascular diseases were diagnosed. It shows high level of these diseases and its early progression among the servicemen. According to the authors, specific peculiarities of intensive military service provide the early progression of diseases. In such a case, presence of cerebrovascular diseases influences on expert decisions about professional suitability of servicemen for some military specialties including the level of suitability for military service.

The authors analyzed the methods of diagnostics, clinical peculiarities of sarcoidosis in different groups of patients, treated in multidisciplinary military hospital. The authors also analyzed the possibility of estimation of optimum diagnostic and medical tactics on the basis of prospective observation after patients with morphologically confirmed sarcoidosis, treated in pulmonary department of the Main Military Clinical Hospital n. a. N.N.Burdenko.

Analysis of clinical and biochemistry blood test parameters was conducted. It was revealed that metabolic disorders with predomination of catabolic reactions are typical for combatatnts who took part in military actions. So, the blood serum glucose value in the patients group is higher than in the control group. Military men with psychosomatic disorders are characterized by the decrease of cholesterol and triglycerides. The obtained data is supported by the results of model analysis of posttraumatic stress disorders in animals.

The authors analyzed functional condition of organism and peculiarities of fitness to work of sailors with the help of physical load during the campaign of surface vessel of special assignment in conditions of Polar region with complicated complex of unfavourable

The article is devoted to the 200th anniversary of the victory of the russian weapon in the Patriotic War in 1812. Russian military medics lended a weighty contribution to destruction of the strongest Napoleonic army. Together with russian soldiers they suffered woes and hardships, accompanied russian soldiers not only in moments of victories but also in the most hard moment, saving lives of wounded and illed, soldiers and civil population. Structure of medical service of the Russian Army, types of delivery of health care, some epispdes of the work of military medics are described.

In 1733 besides the school before the Moscow hospital also three hospital schools were open before Saint-Petersburg terrestrial and admiralty hospitals and before the hospital in Kronshtadt. The process of transfer of students from schools to army was the most intensive during the military conflicts with that is rich Russian history in XVIII century. According to documents, presented in the article, during the Russian-Turkish War in 1735—1739 hospital schools worked active and discharged a task of recruiting of medical service of the Russian Army. The most important precondition was basis of military-medical education grounded by Peter at the beginning of XVIII century.