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Vol 23, No 11 (2012)
- Year: 2012
- Articles: 25
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/0236-3054/issue/view/5917
Articles
BIOLOGICAL RATIONALE FOR PLANNING THE TREATMENT OF BREAST CANCER
Abstract
The 12th International Breast Cancer Conference in St. Gallen (2011) adopted new approaches to planning its therapy. A simplified immunohistochemical classification was proposed as a useful alternative to a gene classification. The definition of the subtypes of breast cancer significantly alleviates the determination of indications for therapy because the subtypes are themselves characterized by many risk factors and predictors, which were separately used in earlier guidelines.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):2-4
2-4
RECURRENT HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA: POSSIBILITIES FOR PROLONGING LIFE WITHOUT HIGH-DOSE CHEMOTHERAPY
Abstract
The paper considers the specific features of the disease after failed primary therapy in 195 patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin’s lymphoma (III, IV, IIB) who have received chemoradiation therapy based on standard second-to-third-line polychemotherapy regimens. It discusses the clinical possibilities and organizational ways of improving medical care to this category of patients.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):5-8
5-8
DRUG-INDUCED LUNG INJURIES
Abstract
The paper considers the specific features of the clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of lung injuries resulting due to both iatrogenic and occupational exposure to a drug. It shows the specific features of lung injury caused by antibacterial, antihypertensive, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during cytostatic therapy.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):9-12
9-12
POSSIBILITIES OF TREATING CHRONIC PAIN IN LUMBOSACRAL RADICULOPATHY
Abstract
The efficiency of treatment with Milgamma and Milgamma compositum for lumbosacral radiculopathies has been studied. When nociceptive and neuropathic pains occur, the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in combination with neurotropic vitamin B group has been shown to improve results.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):13-19
13-19
EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF COLORECTAL CANCER
Abstract
The diagnosis and treatment of colonic precancers and the detection of early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) are able to reduce CRC morbidity and mortality. Elaboration of unified protocols for screening and diagnostic tactics in the detection of CRC will help optimize the use of early primary diagnostic methods for colonic epithelial tumors (colonoscopy, fecal occult blood test, fecal immunochemical test, virtual colonoscopy, determination of the molecular genetic profile of enterocytes in the feces) and confirmatory clinical diagnostic techniques (echography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography). The use of unified standards for early diagnosis will increase the detection rate of early-stage colonic tumor diseases and will be able to choose an optimal treatment policy for CRC, which will, in the long run, contribute to the reduction of CRC mortality rates.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):20-23
20-23
BREAST BIOPSY: PROBLEMS, RISKS, COMPLICATIONS
Abstract
Risks associated with inadequate anesthesia and possible wound bleeding, as well as problems, such as to obtain an informative piece of tissue and to achieve agreement between radiodiagnostic evidence and morphological findings, remain during percutaneous breast puncture (under physician’s hand-held, ultrasound or stereotactic guidance). Further improvement of techniques for this mini-invasive procedure is called for.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):24-26
24-26
28-32
CURRENT APPROACHES TO ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS DURING TRANSURETHRAL PROSTATE RESECTION
Abstract
Transurethral resection is the “gold standard" treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Investigations have indicated that postoperative infectious and inflammatory complications occur in every 5 patients. Adequate perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis significantly reduces the risk of their development.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):32-34
32-34
USE OF OXALIPLATIN (ELOXATIN®) IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL FAILURE
Abstract
Platinum drugs are widely used in oncology care. However, the use of cisplatin is limited by its nephrotoxicity that is absent in the third-generation platinum derivative oxaliplatin. There are pharmacokinetic, pharmacogenetic, and clinical data that substantiate that oxaliplatin may be prescribed for patients with insignificantly or moderately reduced kidney function (creatinine clearance > 20 ml/min).
Vrach. 2012;23(11):35-38
35-38
38-42
NEW POTENTIALITIES OF MEDICAL THERAPY FOR CHRONIC BACTERIAL SINUSITIS
Abstract
The efficiency of combination therapy (the simultaneous use of antibacterial drugs and topical glucocorticoids) for exacerbations of different forms of bacterial sinusitis was determined. The study enrolled 60 patients aged 18 to 69 years. When the exacerbation of bacterial inflammation in paranasal sinuses was arrested with the antibiotic (moxifoxacin) and topical steroid combination proposed by the authors, the efficiency of treatment remained high and accounted for 88.9% for polypous and purulent sinusitis and 83.3% for the pyohyperplastic process following 6 months. Its efficacy for polypous lesion remained as before and that for hyperplasia slightly decreased (to 72.2%) after a year.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):42-46
42-46
SINUSITIS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AFTER HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has become the standard treatment for patients with malignant and a number of congenital diseases of the hematopoietic system. Post-transplantation cytopenia and immunosuppression favor the development of infectious complications, particularly sinusitis that is characterized by a long-term course and scanty symptoms and, due to the high risk of septic complications, requires timely diagnosis.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):47-49
47-49
PROSTATIC CALCULI AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION: IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP?
Abstract
Chronic inflammation occurs more frequently in the presence of prostatic calculi than in their absence in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and cancer, as evidenced by an analysis of prostate secretion and a histological examination of tissue samples intraoperatively taken.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):49-51
49-51
AMELOBLASTOMA: TREATMENT POLICY AND DIAGNOSTIC DIFFFICULTIES
Abstract
The paper considers the principles in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of mandibular ameloblastoma in 18 patients. It proposes an original procedure to remove a mandibular defect with individual porous titanium nickelide endoprostheses. Treatment results open up new fields in reconstructive maxillofacial surgery and oncology.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):52-55
52-55
RISK FACTORS FOR PRECANCER OF THE CERVIX UTERI
Abstract
Examinations were made in 384 patients with cervical cancer (CIN I, CIN II, CIN III) in the presence of infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) and 84 patients without CIN and HPV. Comprehensive examination involved analysis of anamnestic data (the specific features of sexual behavior and used contraceptive methods, reproductive function), as well as colposcopy, cytological and histological studies of cervical biopsy specimens, polymerase chain reaction for HPV. Early onset of sexual intercourse, promiscuity, irregular barrier contraceptive use or its absence, an insignificant interval between menarche and onset of sexual activity were established to be social risk factors of CIN. Measures for primary prevention of CIN are presented.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):56-58
56-58
CRYOGLOBULINEMIC VASCULITIS WITH RENAL INVOLVEMENT IN A PATIENT WITH HEPATIC CIRROSIS IN THE OUTCOME OF HCV INFECTION
Abstract
The paper describes a clinical case of HCV-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with renal involvement and recurrent nephrotic and acute nephritic syndromes. CD20 monoclonal antibody to B-lymphocyte therapy permitted a long-term remission to be achieved without antiviral therapy.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):59-61
59-61
ANESTHETIC MAINTENANCE IN HIGH CARDIAC RISK PATIENTS DURING PERIOPERATIVE ENDOPROSTHETIC REPLACEMENT
Abstract
The paper considers the anesthesiological aspect of perioperative maintenance in the most difficult patients to undergo total endoprosthetic replacement of large (hip and knee) joints. All patients formed a group at high cardiac risk for anesthetic and surgical complications classified as ASA III-IV.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):62-64
62-64
RELATIONSHIP OF THE GLEASON SCORE TO THE VALUE OF PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN
Abstract
The relationship of the Gleason score to the blood level of prostate-specific antigen was studied in 932 patients who had undergone transrectal prostate biopsy in 2009-2011. Retrospective analysis of biopsy specimens confirmed the direct relationship between these parameters.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):64-66
64-66
66-68
SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR EARLY AND LATE COMPLICATIONS OF REPARATIVE OPERATIONS ON THE LOWER EXTREMITY ARTERIES
Abstract
The cause of most (92,4%) complications of reparative operations on the lower extremity arteries, which required resurgery, was postoperative thrombosis with evolving critical ischemia. The latter could be relieved and the extremity could be preserved in 89,2% of the patients in the immediate postoperative period and limb preservation rates were 77,2% in the late period (within 6 months to 3 years).
Vrach. 2012;23(11):69-72
69-72
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN PRE-AND MENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Abstract
In perimenopausal women with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, their hormonal status is characterized by an imbalance in hypophyseal (follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones) and sex (estrogen, progesterone) hormones and cortisol, which is indicative of the involvement of the neuroendocrine system in the inflammatory process.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):73-75
73-75
FORENSIC MEDICAL EVALUATION OF THE DEGREE OF HEALTH RISK FROM CHRONIC SUBDURAL HEMATOMAS
Abstract
Data on the mechanism responsible for the development of chronic subdural hematoma, its duration and the accurate time of its onset time are important during forensic medical examination if the question arises as to the estimation of a victim’s health risk. X-ray computed tomography gives exhaustive information on this problem; moreover, its results are used to determine its treatment plan, recovery time, and prognosis.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):76-78
76-78
THE BLOOD LEVELS OF OMENTIN AND OTHER ADIPOKINES IN PATIENTS WITH IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE
Abstract
One hundred and one patients with a mean age of 62,1±1,2 years and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were examined. A control group consisted of 16 apparently healthy individuals with a mean age of 22,6±0,6 years. The values of glycemia and lipid spectrum and the blood levels of insulin, C-reactive protein, adiponectin, resistin, endothelin, and omentin were determined. The patients with IGTin the presence of visceral obesity were observed to have atherogenic dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, aseptic adipose tissue inflammation, and lower blood omentin levels. In women with IGT, blood resistin and endothelin concentrations were elevated; adiponectin levels tended to fall.
Vrach. 2012;23(11):79-81
79-81
82-84
85-88