Vol 23, No 12 (2012)

The paper provides the clinical and morphological characteristics of acute and chronic alcoholic hepatitis. It analyzes different clinical types of acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH): icteric (usually a severe type), fulminant, cholestatic, and latent. The possibilities of AAH treatment are considered. Severe AAH serves as an indication for the use of glucocorticosteroids or pentoxifylline; it is sufficient to withdraw from alcohol and to use metabolic agents in moderate alcoholic hepatitis. The paper gives data on the universal action of essentiale on the pathogenetic components of liver damage.

The paper considers the possibilities of using antiaggregant therapy in the primary and secondary medical prevention of ischemic stroke (IS), by taking into account the current European guidelines: the Helsingborg Declaration (2006) and the European Stroke Organization Guidelines of the management of IS and transient ischemic attacks (2008).

Techniques for the rational use of psychotropic drugs and pharmacotherapeutic strategies of their utilization are considered from the principles of general and clinical pharmacology. In healthcare practice, difficulties in the rational use of psychotropic agents may be associated with imperfection of their classification, disregard of the dose-effect and time-effect relationships that are well known in pharmacology, and with objective clinical factors. It is emphasized that not only the choice of a drug in accordance with the symptoms of mental disorder, but also making tactic decisions in relation of the phase of treatment for mental disorder are important for the rational use of drugs.

A broad antimicrobial spectrum of modern fluoroquinolones as well as favorable pharmacokinetic profile and potential for overwhelming several bacterial resistance mechanisms make this drug class essential in the treatment of polymicrobial infections at different body sites. This paper presents data on a high efficacy of moxifloxacin in surgical skin and soft tissue infections, and data supporting its use in the treatment of bone and joint infections.

The treatment of arterial hypertension (AH), in patients with target organ lesion in particular, presents considerable difficulties. The full-dose combination of perindopril A (10 mg) indapamide (2,5 mg) (Noliprel A Bi-Forte) is shown to lower blood pressure (BP) in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy to the same degree as in those without target organ lesions and may be effectively used as starting therapy. It is expedient to use 24-hour BP monitoring to control the efficiency of therapy and to decide whether it should be corrected.

Inadequate glycemic control and a higher risk for hypoglycemic states during therapy are among the reasons for a 6-fold increase in the incidence rate of stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Sitagliptin is a current dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, a glucose-lowering agent that promotes the prevention of macro- and microvascular complications in patients with DM2.

Research data on optimal dose of Capecitabine for disseminated breast cancer treatment are provided. The optimal dose of Capecitabine 1000 мг/м 2 twice a day, applicable for long term treatment is provisionally determined.

Prospects for using magnesium preparations in chronic pain syndromes caused by peripheral nervous system lesion are discussed. Magnerot® (magnesium orotate) is shown to be effective in the treatment of chronic pain in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy and radiculopathy.

The impact of intake of the myocardial metabolic cytoprotector trimetazidine (Preductal MB) on the efficiency of antiarrhythmic, antianginal therapy and quality of life was evaluated in patients with ventricular arrhythmias (VA), coronary heart disease (CHD), and metabolic syndrome (MS). The investigation enrolled 36 patients with VA and MS who received antiarrhythmic and MS therapies; half of the randomized was additionally given trimetazidine (Preductal MB). According to the data of the investigation, MS therapy using trimetazidine (Preductal MB) in patients with VA and CHD results in a significant improvement in quality of life and exercise tolerance and in higher efficiency of antiarrhythmic and antianginal therapy.

The paper pools the experience with noninvasive functional diagnostic methods used in an outpatient setting to identify the subclinical forms of cardiovascular diseases in apparently healthy individuals with cardiovascular risk factors.