Vol 24, No 3 (2013)

Osteoporosis and stroke are the most important risk factors for femoral neck fracture. Most fractures in post-stroke patients occur on the side of paresis and paralysis and more frequently due to a fall. To prevent such complications must be a management strategic priority for patients during poststroke rehabilitation.

The paper deals with the use a fixed-dose amlodipine/atorvastatin combination in patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease and estimates its advantages over the free formulations of the above drugs.

Chronic brain ischemia (CBI) is considered as individual cerebrovascular syndrome that manifests itself as a complex of neuropsychological and neurological symptoms. Trials have provided support for the efficacy and safety of Pronoran (piribedil), a nonergolinic dopamine receptor agonist, its effects on cognitive, psychoemotional, and motor disorders in patients with CBI. At 60 days of treatment, the drug exerted a significant leveling effect on static and gait disturbances. According to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test, 68% of the patients had ameliorated cognitive and affective disorders as compared with the baseline. There was no significant improvement in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores, which was likely to be associated with the fact that a relatively small group of patients had been examined and they had only subclinical symptoms of anxiety and depression when they had been included into the study; however, there was regression of anxiety and depressive disorders and emotional normalization in 79% of the patients.

When used in the treatment of insomnia and mild to moderate nonpsychotic depression in patients with organic diseases of the nervous system (chronic brain ischemia and dorsopathy), Valdoxan promotes relief of the symptoms of depression at the early stage of the disease. In severe depressive disorders, it is expedient to use the drug longer to achieve stable remission.

Heartburn is considered to be the main symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) which significantly affects the quality of patient life. The current studies showed that the most frequent cause of heartburn after eating was the accumulation of acid on the gastric contents surface - the formation of the socalled «acid pocket». Neutralizing the acid pocket is not an easy task even for antisecretory agents. And to prevent gastroesophageal reflux after eating is even a more complicated task. The modern and safe alginate - andantacid-based drug Gaviscon Double Action offers an effective solution to this problem by producing a double effect due to its antacid and antireflux properties.

The paper considers a problem in substantiating the choice of combination drug therapy for primary arterial hypertension. It is noted that there are two types of patients with neuroreflectory and humoral regulation of blood flow. A scheme for choosing the drugs and changing their competence is proposed and substantiated in relation to patient age.

Gender-specific microcirculatory features were analyzed in healthy individuals by laser Doppler flowmetry using occlusion tests.

The paper considers the characteristics of headache in temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Additional neurophysiological studies (stimulation electromyography of the masculatory muscles, trigeminal evoked potentials, and wink reflex) are recommended to estimate the involvement of the masculatory muscles and trigeminal system, which allows adequate therapy to be chosen.

Clinical and endoscopic data and the results of antisecretory and eradication therapy are compared in duodenal ulcer disease patients with and without a history of perforated ulcer.

Postinfarction left ventricle (LV) remodeling was evaluated in relation to the location of myocardial infarction (MI) in 100 males aged less than 50 years who had experienced first Q-wave MI. The patients were divided into 2 groups of 50 subjects each: A) those younger than 40 years; B) those aged 40 to 50 years. Both groups showed a significant increase in LV sizes in anterior MI after one-year follow-up and in posterior MI in subsequent years. Analysis of LV structural and geometric indicators (end systolic size, end diastolic size, ejection fraction) revealed that there were no significant differences in the indicators in relation to the location of MI in Group A and that in Group B the indicators were on the contrary statistically different in anterior and posterior MI in early and late postinfarction LV remodeling.

The clinical effectiveness and organoprotective effect of the combined drug Ekvator were evaluated in patients with Stages I-II hypertensive disease at a high cardiovascular risk.

The paper presents the results of genotyping of a Russian patient population by the polymorphic marker rs2243250 of the promotor region of the IL4 gene to determine whether this polymorphism can be used as a predictor for immediate hypersensitivity reactions to β-lactam antibiotics.