Vol 28, No 11 (2017)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that are among the most popular classes of drugs are a leading cause of renal side effects. The mechanism of action of NSAIDs is associated with blockade of synthesis of renal vasodilator prostaglandins due to inactivation of the enzyme cyclooxygenase. Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis is the most common cause of NSAID-induced kidney injury. In addition, the risk of development and progression of chronic kidney disease has been reported. In this connection, it is necessary to conduct controlled randomized studies of renal complications caused by NSAIDs; the results of these studies will increase awareness of the problem discussed among physicians and pharmacists. It is necessary to strictly regulate the prescription of NSAIDs, to use both their optimal dosages and optimal use duration, and to assess the presence of risk factors for renal complications. To timely diagnose the nephrotoxicity of NSAIDs, a follow-up study of serum creatinine levels should be done calculating glomerular filtration rate, renal concentrating ability (Zimnitskys test), and complete urinalysis indices.

The paper summarizes current views on the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment of papillary thyroid cancer.

The paper compares two comorbid osteoporosis (OP) treatment approaches: 1) a traditional approach to suppress osteoclast function and 2) a new one to support osteoblast function with anabolics. It shows the benefit of the anabolic properties of drone brood hormones in the treatment of comorbid OP.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is often associated with diabetes mellitus type 2. According to the literature, systemic inflammation is most frequently considered as a possible common pathogenetic component.

The paper gives the results of clinical testing the samples of the current wound-healing agent Asepticorb®-DC (OOO M.K. Aseptika) used to treat deep burn wounds in patients from the Burn Department, Far Eastern District Medical Center, Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia.

The paper analyzes the literature covering the history of surgical treatment for frontal sinuses from the first steps to contemporary approaches, including the use of endoscopic and navigation technologies. It also retrospectively analyzes all cases requiring frontal sinus surgery in an ENT clinic in 2015-2016. A clinical example of surgical treatment for isolated frontal sinusitis is given.

The surface of the palatine tonsils was bacteriologically examined in patients with an exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.

Concurrent tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have been found to signifi-cantly increase the incidence of cardiovascular diseases that in turn aggravate both the course of the underlying and concomitant diseases.

The authors have investigated the impact of combined antihypertensive therapy on the indicators and quality of life in patients with high-grade hypertension.

Rhinitis sicca anterior is a local chronic inflammatory process that is most often limited by the areas of the anterior and caudal parts of the nasal septum and the related lateral parts of the nasal vestibule. The main etiological factor is occupational hazards and physical characteristics of the environment: inhaled air humidity and temperature. The authors also discuss the role of hyperglycemia (diabetes), endocrine disorders, hormonal alterations during pregnancy, depressive states, and recurrent acute rhinitis. The predisposing role of chronic mechanical injuries (nose pickers) is not ruled out. Along with the etiology and clinical presentations of the disease, therapy for rhinitis sicca anterior is considered in detail, by taking into account the data available in the current literature on the use of inhalation, ectoine-containing nasal sprays, irrigation treatment, and protective means.

The paper presents current data on skin ulcerative defects associated with venous insufficiency. It considers approaches to therapy for this disease and gives the results of the authors’ own observations.

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the long-term functional outcomes of surgical treatment for localized kidney cancer by open, laparoscopic or robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN). 40-45% of patients experienced acute kidney injury in the postoperative period; subsequently, there was a gradual decline in glomerular filtration rate. RAPN is not only an optimal organ-sparing operation, but also slows the progression of chronic kidney disease.

Hematuria and platelet reactivity are evaluated in patients with chronic obstructive pyelonephritis.