Vol 30, No 11 (2019)

The presence of >2 malignant neoplasms of different genesis in a patient is considered as a multiple primary malignant tumor. Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is recognized as a potentially treatable disease. The increase in the life expectancy of patients necessitates an examination of 2 (metachronous) malignant tumors in these patients. The incidence of metachronous malignant tumors in patients with HL is higher than that in the population, which should be taken into account during a follow-up.

The frequency of complications associated with the development of acute inflammation and recurrent chronic diseases necessitates the improvement of conventional methods for prevention and treatment. The promising area in the development of targeted therapy is the management of the mechanisms for leukocyte activation and recruitment from circulating blood into the focus of inflammation, which would bring us closer to the possibility of controlled development of the inflammatory response. The review provides much evidence for modulation of the functional activity of leukocytes and their transendothelial migration during stimulation of α- and β adrenergic receptors. It discusses the practical significance of the leukocyte expression of purinergic P2 receptors. The review also presents the possible mechanisms for activation of monocytes and macrophages during stimulation of P2X receptors (P2X1, P2X4, P2X5, and P2X7), which makes it possible to predict their anti-inflammatory potential, as well as to control the development of inflammation in future. It analyzes the regulatory capabilities of the main subtypes of P2Y receptors (P2Y1, P2Y, P2Y, P2Y6, P2Y11, P2Y12, P2Y13, and P2Y14), which are involved in the regulation of phagocytosis, the secretion of cytokines, and the adhesion and migration of leukocytes. The authors consider the role of platelets that express purine receptors (P2Y1, P2Y12, P2Y14, and P2X1) in the recruitment and chemotaxis of leukocytes in inflammation and provide evidence that there are prospects for the selective action on blood cell adrenergic and purinergic receptors as a therapeutic target in a systemic inflammatory response.

The authors evaluate whether organ-sparing operations can be performed during surgical treatment for mucin-producing cystic tumors of the liver.

Immunosuppressive therapy improvements have led to the increased survival of patients and grafts in recipients; however, there has been simultaneously a higher risk for tumor processes, such as breast cancer. The paper describes a clinical case of a 51-year-old female patient diagnosed with Stage IIA left triple-negative breast cancer (pT2N0M0G3), who had a history of kidney transplantation 10 years ago for chronic renal failure.

The relationship between the performed complex therapy and the rate of recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding is under study.

The paper describes a clinical case of Churg-Strauss syndrome. The clinical picture of the disease displays a preponderance of severe asthma, poorly amenable to treatment with inhaled glucocorticosteroids, and rhinitis. The given case resembles that only an interdisciplinary approach to diagnosing the disease allows a correct diagnosis.

The authors have investigated the factors influencing the efficiency therapy and estimated the time of course of changes in the provision of vitamin D by the level of its active metabolite 25(OH)D3 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease concurrent with early renal dysfunction during treatment with drugs containing inactive vitamin D3.

The paper describes a clinical case of a 56-year-old woman with ochronosis, a rare inherited metabolic disease. It considers the clinical manifestations of ochronosis, methods for its diagnosis, and the features of treatment.

Effective control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP) remains an urgent problem, despite the large arsenal of drugs used in the therapy of these patients. The quality of life (QOL) in patients is one of the new criteria for assessing the quality of medical care, which has become widespread in recent years. The objective of the investigation was to assess QOL in patients with T2DM and postmenopausal OP according to the therapy of postmenopausal OP, by using the SF-36 Heath Status Survey questionnaire. A total of 84 patients with T2DM and postmenopausal OP were surveyed. The mean age of the examinees was 55.7±4.1 years. The higher QOL in patients with T2DM and postmenopausal OP was associated with the use of Osteomed Forte.

To fight against smoking is one of the most cost-effective health care areas focused on reduction of morbidity and mortality. Clarifying the clinical and psychological characteristics of smoking and its cessation in young, apparently healthy people and patients with cardiovascular diseases will be able to open up new perspectives for designing smoking cessation counseling programs.