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卷 30, 编号 11 (2019)
- 年: 2019
- 文章: 20
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/0236-3054/issue/view/5837
Articles
Multiple primary malignant tumors in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma
摘要
The presence of >2 malignant neoplasms of different genesis in a patient is considered as a multiple primary malignant tumor. Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is recognized as a potentially treatable disease. The increase in the life expectancy of patients necessitates an examination of 2 (metachronous) malignant tumors in these patients. The incidence of metachronous malignant tumors in patients with HL is higher than that in the population, which should be taken into account during a follow-up.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):3-8
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Chromosomal anomalies. Role of cytogenetic study at the stage of prenatal diagnostics
摘要
Chromosomal abnormalities associated with changes in the number and structure of chromosomes in a human karyotype are extremely diverse in both structure and magnitude. The difficulties in prenatal diagnosis are that many hereditary abnormalities are transmitted to children from phenotypically perfectly normal parents carrying one or another chromosomal abnormality anomaly. The review describes the types of chromosomal abnormalities that lead to infertility, nongestation and the birth of children with developmental defects. The capabilities of a modern laboratory allow, using to help determine the degree and depth of the lesion. The danger of this pathology and give the couple a chance to have a healthy child using pre-implantation genetic screening and choosing healthy embryos for implantation during the IVFprocedure.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):9-15
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Molecular mechanisms for regulation of the functional activity of blood cells: improvement of targeted anti-inflammatory therapy
摘要
The frequency of complications associated with the development of acute inflammation and recurrent chronic diseases necessitates the improvement of conventional methods for prevention and treatment. The promising area in the development of targeted therapy is the management of the mechanisms for leukocyte activation and recruitment from circulating blood into the focus of inflammation, which would bring us closer to the possibility of controlled development of the inflammatory response. The review provides much evidence for modulation of the functional activity of leukocytes and their transendothelial migration during stimulation of α- and β adrenergic receptors. It discusses the practical significance of the leukocyte expression of purinergic P2 receptors. The review also presents the possible mechanisms for activation of monocytes and macrophages during stimulation of P2X receptors (P2X1, P2X4, P2X5, and P2X7), which makes it possible to predict their anti-inflammatory potential, as well as to control the development of inflammation in future. It analyzes the regulatory capabilities of the main subtypes of P2Y receptors (P2Y1, P2Y, P2Y, P2Y6, P2Y11, P2Y12, P2Y13, and P2Y14), which are involved in the regulation of phagocytosis, the secretion of cytokines, and the adhesion and migration of leukocytes. The authors consider the role of platelets that express purine receptors (P2Y1, P2Y12, P2Y14, and P2X1) in the recruitment and chemotaxis of leukocytes in inflammation and provide evidence that there are prospects for the selective action on blood cell adrenergic and purinergic receptors as a therapeutic target in a systemic inflammatory response.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):15-22
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Human papillomavirus vaccination as a means for preventing cervical cancer
摘要
The paper presents data on the association of cervical cancer with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. It gives data on the incidence of HPV in the world and some regions of Russia, including in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The authors describe the effective method for the prevention of cervical cancer - HPV vaccination that is performed in women aged 9 to 45 years.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):23-28
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Surgical treatment policy for mucin-producing cystic tumors of the liver
摘要
The authors evaluate whether organ-sparing operations can be performed during surgical treatment for mucin-producing cystic tumors of the liver.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):28-33
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Specialized medical care for breast neoplasms (an upgraded model)
摘要
The paper presents an upgraded organizational and functional model for providing specialized medical care to patients with breast neoplasms, including breast cancer.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):33-37
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Breast cancer in a female patient after kidney transplantation
摘要
Immunosuppressive therapy improvements have led to the increased survival of patients and grafts in recipients; however, there has been simultaneously a higher risk for tumor processes, such as breast cancer. The paper describes a clinical case of a 51-year-old female patient diagnosed with Stage IIA left triple-negative breast cancer (pT2N0M0G3), who had a history of kidney transplantation 10 years ago for chronic renal failure.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):38-40
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Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense in chronic atrophic gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori
摘要
Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a precancerous disease of the stomach. According to Correa’s cascade, atrophic gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) can contribute not only to the occurrence, but also to the progression of metaplasia, dysplasia in the epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa, and to the transformation of these changes into gastric cancer. The risk of developing cancer increases by 15 times in CAG. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) is a process of oxidative degradation of lipids by free radicals. The results of LPO are balanced by the antioxidant defense (AOD) system. The objective of the investigation was to study LPO-AOD values in Hp-associated CAG.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):41-45
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Complex conservative therapy in the prevention of recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding
摘要
The relationship between the performed complex therapy and the rate of recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding is under study.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):46-48
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Possibility of bronchoscopy in patients with occupational asthma
摘要
Occupational asthma is the most common occupational lung disease in developed countries. This is due to the increasing complex and combined effect of various sensitizing and irritating effects on various industrial factors. Bronchial asthma resulting from exposure to specific industrial agents significantly increases economic costs due to temporary or permanent disability of workers. The above circumstances need instrumental and laboratory diagnostic methods to be improved.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):49-50
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What is hidden under the mask of severe asthma?
摘要
The paper describes a clinical case of Churg-Strauss syndrome. The clinical picture of the disease displays a preponderance of severe asthma, poorly amenable to treatment with inhaled glucocorticosteroids, and rhinitis. The given case resembles that only an interdisciplinary approach to diagnosing the disease allows a correct diagnosis.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):51-54
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A case of rare comorbidity of the nasal cavity
摘要
The paper describes a rare case of nasal comorbidity: aneurysm of the sphenopalatine artery and esthesioneuroblastoma of the nasal cavity, which was manifested by frequent profuse bleeding.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):54-58
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Efficiency of therapy with inactive vitamin D in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease concurrent with chronic kidney disease
摘要
The authors have investigated the factors influencing the efficiency therapy and estimated the time of course of changes in the provision of vitamin D by the level of its active metabolite 25(OH)D3 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease concurrent with early renal dysfunction during treatment with drugs containing inactive vitamin D3.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):58-63
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Adherence to treatment in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
摘要
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that embraces progressive spinal and peripheral joint damages and extra-articular manifestations. The paper considers the effects of different nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on AS activity. It assesses patient adherence to treatment, medical support, lifestyle modification, and drug therapy according to a questionnaire. The relationship between treatment adherence and age, disability, and disease duration and stage is analyzed.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):63-66
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A clinical case of late diagnosis of ochronosis
摘要
The paper describes a clinical case of a 56-year-old woman with ochronosis, a rare inherited metabolic disease. It considers the clinical manifestations of ochronosis, methods for its diagnosis, and the features of treatment.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):67-70
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Errors in the diagnosis of zooanthroponotic microsporia
摘要
Atypical microsporia variants that require thorough clinical and laboratory diagnosis are becoming more common in recent years. Clinical cases in which microsporia was mistaken for other skin diseases are described.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):70-72
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus and postmenopausal osteoporosis: how to improve the quality of life?
摘要
Effective control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP) remains an urgent problem, despite the large arsenal of drugs used in the therapy of these patients. The quality of life (QOL) in patients is one of the new criteria for assessing the quality of medical care, which has become widespread in recent years. The objective of the investigation was to assess QOL in patients with T2DM and postmenopausal OP according to the therapy of postmenopausal OP, by using the SF-36 Heath Status Survey questionnaire. A total of 84 patients with T2DM and postmenopausal OP were surveyed. The mean age of the examinees was 55.7±4.1 years. The higher QOL in patients with T2DM and postmenopausal OP was associated with the use of Osteomed Forte.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):72-75
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Cognitive impairment in comorbid patients with chronic brain ischemia and thyroid hypofunction
摘要
The features of cognitive impairment were studied in chronic bran ischemia patients with thyroid disease and vascular diseases.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):75-79
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Smoking cessation: clinical and psychological parallels between healthy individuals and patients with cardiovascular diseases
摘要
To fight against smoking is one of the most cost-effective health care areas focused on reduction of morbidity and mortality. Clarifying the clinical and psychological characteristics of smoking and its cessation in young, apparently healthy people and patients with cardiovascular diseases will be able to open up new perspectives for designing smoking cessation counseling programs.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):79-85
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Magnetic therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with strokes
摘要
The paper presents a rehabilitation program for stroke with moderate hemiparesis and accompanying articular and mild astheno-depressive syndrome in the early and late stroke recovery periods in the polyclinic and the neurological department of a hospital. It shows the effectiveness of an integrated approach to rehabilitation and the advantages of using a traveling low-frequency magnetic field generated by an Almag-02 apparatus.
Vrach. 2019;30(11):86-88
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