System-analytical simulation of the hydrochemical runoff of mountain rivers: case study of dissolved iron

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Abstract

A water balance simulation model of seasonal and long-term flow dynamics of total dissolved iron has been developed using the example of the middle-size and smaller rivers of the Altai–Sayan highland. Model input factors and input variables included monthly precipitation and average monthly air temperatures (normalized and spatially generalized according to the regional climate model), water flows calculated for individual river basins (according to a discharge model for mountain rivers), and cartographic information on river basins and arable land area. The sensitivity of the model to natural variations of input factors was determined as the contribution of a specific factor to the variance of the observed values of hydrochemical runoff. The calculated criteria RSR = 0.57 and Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency NSE = 0.67 indicate the good quality of the model.

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About the authors

Yu. B. Kirsta

Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Akademy of Sciences; Polzunov Altai State Technical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: kirsta@iwep.ru
Russian Federation, 1, Molodezhnaya street, Barnaul, 656038; 46, Lenin prospect, Barnaul, 656038

A. V. Puzanov

Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Akademy of Sciences

Email: kirsta@iwep.ru
Russian Federation, 1, Molodezhnaya street, Barnaul, 656038

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Map of the location of the 34 model river basins of the Altai-Sayan mountainous country.

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3. Fig. 2. Continuous piecewise linear function H (X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2, X) of three linear fragments with arbitrarily variable parameters (equation (1)).

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4. Fig. 3. A cross-section of the river basin and a scheme for determining its average transverse slope K i by the average height (h) and width (L).

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5. Fig. 4. Dependence of total dissolved iron runoff (g / s) on a hypothetically different transverse slope of the river basin and normalized to its mean multiyear value of precipitation for the upper reaches. Katun (section of Tungur): a - winter low water (precipitation in the months of the IX – XI of the previous year), b - spring-summer flood (precipitation in the months of the IV – VI current year), in - summer low water (precipitation in the months of VII – VIII ), d - autumnal low flow (precipitation for the months of IX – XI).

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