Studying the present-day dynamics of Lena delta by space images

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Abstract

The dynamics of Lena delta coastline since the late XX century up to the present time have been studied using Landsat satellite data. The comparison of different-time images of morphologically different segments of the delta coastline has shown the major portion of the delta to be stable. Minimal changes have been recorded near the mouths of the branches carrying a minor portion of the Lena runoff—the Olenekskaya and Tumatskie. In the eastern part of the delta, near the mouths of copious branches Trofimovskaya and Bykovskaya, no changes have taken place, as well as in its western part, which is represented by a part of abrasion marine terrace embraced by the delta. In the southwestern part, in the Olenek delta, the delta coastline has been eroded with the erosion material transported eastward by along-shore current. Near the mouths of the Tumatskaya branch, the forms of marine accumulation are unstable, and the marine terrace in the northeastern part of the delta shows a minor local erosion. The periods of erosion in different delta areas are not synchronous and the eroded zones are not large in size. No increment in the land, nor shore progradation have been seen.

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About the authors

V. I. Kravtsova

Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: valentinamsu@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

A. N. Inyushin

Moscow State University

Email: stormy94@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Scheme of the Lena Delta: 1 - the boundaries of natural areas, 2 - the boundaries of the marine areas. The diagram shows the indices of the regions described in the text, and the numbers of the plots for which the study of the dynamics of the sea region was carried out. VD - the top of the delta with the expansion of the main stream to 7–8 km and extensive sandbanks; DC - the central part of the main delta cone with an exceptionally dense network of narrow, highly branched branches, mainly the Tumatsky canal, with small estuarine extensions; DSV - the north-eastern part of the main delta cone with full-flowing branches of the Trofimov and Sardakh channels with wide estuarine extensions; VD - the eastern part of the delta cone with wide, full-flowing branches of the Bykovskaya duct, advancing into the Neyelova Bay; DZ - the western part of the delta with the channels of the Olenek and Aryn, forming in the coastal part the delta of the estuary bay; MT - sea abrasion terrace, which turned out to be included in the delta when filling the bays separating it from the coast; E - the remnants of the edom - the coastal plain, composed of an ice complex.

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3. Fig. 2. (a) - Olenek delta (section 1) in the Landsat-8 satellite image: 1 - channel sand deposits, 2 - estuary delta islands, 3 - shallows, 4 - edom remnant; (b) a diagram of the dynamics of the Olenek delta for 1980–2015: 1 - erosion of the delta, 2 - growth of the delta (a frame is selected for determining quantitative characteristics of the dynamics); (c) - dynamics diagram of the shallows near the Olenek delta: 1 - delta boundary, 2 - erosion of shallows, 3 - deposition of shallow material, 4 - surface of preserved shallows.

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4. Fig. 3. The west coast of the sea terrace Arga-Muora-Sise (plot 2) in the image from the satellite Sentinel-2 (I); fragments of the site in images from the Landsat satellite in 2001 (a), 2017 (b) and coastlines for these years (c): 1 - 2001, 2 - 2017 (II).

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5. Fig. 4. The northern coast of the delta with the mouths of the Tumatsky channels (section 4) in the image from the Sentinel-2 (I) satellite; a frame is selected for determining the position of coastlines in different years. The coastlines in the images for different years: 1 - 2000, 2 - 2005, 3 - 2013, 4 - 2017 (II).

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6. Fig. 5. Dynamics diagram for fragment of section 5 in the northeastern part of the delta with the branches of the Trofimov Channel: 1 — erosion of the delta, 2 — growth of the delta.

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7. Fig. 6. The eastern part of the delta with the mouths of the branches of the Trofimov duct (section 6) in the image from the Landsat-8 (I) satellite; a frame is highlighted for determining the position of coastlines in different years. The coastlines in the pictures in different years: 1 - 2000, 2 - 2011, 3 - 2016 (II).

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