A MODERN VIEW ON ALLERGIC RHINITIS: PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS, AND THERAPY


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Abstract

The paper reviews the etiology, features of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and pharmacotherapy of allergic rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis is a common disease. The classic symptoms of the disease are nasal congestion, nasal itching, rhinorrhea, and sneezing. The negative sequelae of allergic rhinitis include sleep disorders, fatigue, decreased concentration, and restricted daily activities and are associated with chronic nasal mucosal inflammation, which leads to nasal congestion and adversely affects a patient’s general condition; in particular ventilation dysfunction of the nasal passages can provoke insomnia. Significant clinical symptom variability, risk factors, and sequelae of allergic rhinitis necessitate an accurate diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and also require the elaboration of an optimal treatment strategy for the disease. The criteria for the most accurate diagnosis of allergic rhinitis are history data, physical examination, and allergy skin testing. The use of anti-allergic drugs, such as second- and third-generation oral antihistamines, as well as intranasal corticosteroids, which are basic therapy for allergic rhinitis, plays a decisive role in the rational therapy of allergic rhinitis.

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About the authors

Zara D. Khadzhiyeva

Pyatigorsk Medical Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch, Volgograd State Medical University

Email: zara-farm@mail.ru
Professor of the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology with a course of medical biotechnology 11, Kalinin Prospect, Pyatigorsk 357532, Russian Federation

Dmitry I. Pozdnyakov

Pyatigorsk Medical Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch, Volgograd State Medical University

Email: pozdniackow.dmitry@yandex.ru
Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Pharmacology with a course of clinical pharmacology, Head of Living Systems 11, Kalinin Prospect, Pyatigorsk 357532, Russian Federation

Anastasia E. Rybalko

Pyatigorsk Medical Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch, Volgograd State Medical University

Email: Rybalko.nastya95@yandex.ru
postgraduate student of the full-time course of the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology with a course of medical biotechnology 11, Kalinin Prospect, Pyatigorsk 357532, Russian Federation

Larisa P. Lezhneva

Pyatigorsk Medical Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch, Volgograd State Medical University

Email: laralezhneva@yandex.ru
Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology with a course of medical biotechnology 11, Kalinin Prospect, Pyatigorsk 357532, Russian Federation

Nelli S. Aleynikova

Pyatigorsk Medical Pharmaceutical Institute, Branch, Volgograd State Medical University

Email: zara-farm@mail.ru
postgraduate student of the correspondence course of the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology with a course of medical biotechnology 11, Kalinin Prospect, Pyatigorsk 357532, Russian Federation

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