Anatomical aspects of Agastache rugosa (Fisch. et Mey.) Kuntze

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Abstract

Introduction. The samples of the Agastache rugosa (Fisch.et Mey.) Kuntze, cultivated in the conditions of the taiga zone of Western Siberia were study.

Objective: determination of diagnostic microscopic (anatomical) signs of cultivated Agastache rugosa.

Material and methods. Air-dry raw material of the Agastache rugosa, during the period of mass flowering and fruiting in 2021 were collected. The study of the anatomical structure, preparation and enlightenment of drugs was carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods. Leaf petioles and stems were fixed in 70% ethanol. Cross sections from each part of the stem (lower, middle, upper) were studied. The anatomical structure of the leaves was studied on the middle and terminal parts of the leaf, the epidermis of the petals upper and lower from the surface. All samples were studied in 5-fold repetition.

Results. Specific features have been established: strongly winding lower leaf epidermis with characteristic thickened cell walls; 8-, rarely 6-cellular essential oil glands located in crypts; simple 1–4-celled and multicellular trichomes with a smooth or warty surface; capitate trichomes unicellular and bicellular on a unicellular, less often on a two-celled leg in leaves, flowers, petioles, less often in stems; papillary outgrowths of the epidermis of the stem, leaf, flowers. For the first time, receptacles, crystals of calcium oxalate in the form of drusen were found in the leaves, idioblast in the flowers, and an accumulation of small warty club-shaped bulbs. It has been established that in the leaves there are two types of stomata it is diacytic and anomocytic, in flowers it is only diacytic type.

Conclusion. These specific data are important from the point of view of fundamental and practical interest, obtaining new data and diagnosing raw materials.

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About the authors

Olga N. Shplis

Siberian State Medical University; National Research Tomsk State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: o.shplis@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0450-0574

Senior Lecturer at the Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; Master's student of the AMP «Study of Siberia and the Arctic»

Russian Federation, Moskovsky trakt, 2, Tomsk, 634050; Lenin St., 36, Tomsk, 634050

Natalia E. Kolomiets

Siberian State Medical University; Kemerovo State Medical University

Email: borkol47@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0520-921X

Doctor of Pharmacy, Professor, Professor of the Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; Professor of the Department of Pharmacy

Russian Federation, Moskovsky trakt, 2, Tomsk, 634050; Voroshilova str., 22, Kemerovo, 650056

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2. Fig. 1. Agastache rugosa leaf: a) fragment of the epidermis of a leaf with a druse, 8-cell essential oil gland, stomatal apparatus of the diacyte type, 15×40; б) a fragment of a cross-section of the main vein of a leaf with simple 1–4-cell hairs, with head hairs, 8×15; в) a fragment of a cross-section of the main vein of a leaf with a single-layer epidermis and cuticle, conducting collateral beam, (p-i aniline sulfate), 15×30; г) a fragment of a cross-section of a sheet with a two-layer polysad and spongy tissue, 15×40; д) a fragment of a cross-section of a sheet with receptacles, 15×40; е) a fragment of a planar preparation of a leaf with a papillary outgrowth, 15×10; ж) a fragment of the epidermis of a leaf with a single crystal (p-i chloral hydrate), stomatal apparatus of the anomocyte type, 15×40; з) a fragment of the epidermis of a leaf with wood fiber, 15×40; и) a fragment of the epidermis of a leaf with single, stellate crystals (p-I chloral hydrate), 15×40

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3. Fig. 2. Flower, seed of Agastache rugosa: a) fragment of a flower with numerous hairs and essential oil glands, 8×0.5; б) a fragment of the epidermis of a petal with unicellular and multicellular, simple and glabrous hairs, cuticle, 15×20; в) a fragment of the epidermis of a petal with a diacyte-type stomata, 15×20; г) a fragment of a petal with idioblast cells, 15×20; д) a fragment of the epidermis of a petal with finely warty bulbs, 15×30; е) a smooth simple hair with a spherical head, 15×40; ж) a fragment of the epidermis of a petal with a head hair on a unicellular pedicle, 15×30; з) a fragment of the epidermis of a petal with a fork-branched multicellular hair, 15×30; и) the endosperm (perisperm) of the seed, oil droplets, 15×20

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4. Fig. 3. Stem, petiole of Agastache rugosa: a) fragment of a stem with one face (out of 4), collenchyma, cow parenchyma, sclerenchyma, phloem, xylem, core parenchyma, 15×10; б) a fragment of a stem with a collateral bundle, 15×30; в) a fragment of a stem with epidermis, cuticle, primary bark, 15×20; г) a fragment of a stem with a storing parenchyma and a receptacle, 15×40; д) a unicellular papillary with a warty cuticle hair, 15×40; е) a large stomatal cavity, 15×40; ж) a fragment of the epidermis of a leaf petiole with unicellular smooth and finely bearded hair (staining Sudan III), 15×40; з) a fragment of the epidermis of the leaf petiole with an essential oil gland and stomatal apparatus of the diacyte type (staining Sudan III); и) a fragment of the epidermis of the leaf petiole with multicellular smooth and glabrous hairs (staining Sudan III); 15×40

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