Vol 94, No 12 (2024)

The report, presented at the General Meeting of the Russian Academy of Sciences on May 28, 2024, is devoted to a wide range of problems in mechanics closely related to the creation of engineering structures. The author outlined the problems of mechanics of precise gyroscopic systems, the results of constructing a new model of dry friction forces that satisfies strict analysis. Using this model, it is possible to give an adequate explanation of the shimmy phenomenon. Particular attention is paid to the development of the theory of non-Newtonian fluid flow (Bingham fluids) and the theory of geo-loosening, as well as the theory of a wave solid-state gyroscope and a new phenomenon in mechanics – processive standing waves.

The article examines various instruments of hybrid inter-country confrontation, primarily economic wars. The authors of the study, together with colleagues from the National Supercomputer Center of the People’s Republic of China, conducted a stress test of the sustainability of the economic systems of key countries and identified industries for them that, on the one hand, are growth points, and on the other, need protection within the framework of geo-economic confrontation. The shortcomings of the monetary policy implemented in Russia and its negative consequences are shown. In conclusion, a scenario for inflicting economic damage on geopolitical opponents is proposed.

The article is devoted to the formation of “white lists” of scientific periodicals, which have acquired special significance in connection with the reformatting of the system of scientific research assessment in Russia. An assessment is given of the initiative of the Russian regulator to create a categorized list of peer-reviewed scientific publications, the list of publications approved for use in the state scientific certification in economic and sociological disciplines is analyzed. The limitations of this list that complicate its integration into the national system of scientific results assessment are identified, and ways to overcome them are proposed. A pool of journals of low scientific quality is determined; criteria for identifying publications of inadequate quality in the procedures for assessing scientific periodicals are substantiated. The results obtained are important from the point of view of developing models for assessing scientific research that are not tied to international scientometric bases and take into account the interests of national journals.

On October 22, 2024, the outstanding experimental physicist and public figure, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Eduard Pavlovich Kruglyakov would have turned 90 years old. He is the first chairman of the RAS Commission on Combating Pseudoscience and Falsification of Scientific Research, heading it from 1998 until his death. The general public knows Eduard Pavlovich mainly due to his active civic position as chairman of this advisory and expert body of the RAS. A narrower circle of specialists working in the field of plasma physics is well acquainted with the fundamental experiments and contribution of E.P. Kruglyakov to the development of open magnetic systems for confining hot plasma, as well as with his initiatives aimed at promoting important technological and scientific areas of high-temperature plasma research. These aspects of Eduard Pavlovich’s activities will be discussed.