Vol XLII, No 1 (2010)

There are presented contemporary data on pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis, special attention being paid to regulatory cells. Contemporary therapeutic measures, conducted at this disease, have been analyzed. Perspective therapeutic approaches have been discussed.

There were studied clinical manifestations and the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) in men and women of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Being a man can be considered as a predictor of unfavorable MS development in the early years of the disease. Multiple sclerosis in men is developing more quickly and has a tendency to a progressive course.

There were examined 60 patients with remitting type of multiple sclerosis. Genotyping had been performed with the help of PCR by a polymorphic variant +3953 А1/А2 gene IL-1в. It was found that polymorphism IL-1в +3953 A1/A2 is not the leading factor in a susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and does not define the disease phenotype. At the same time presence of some or other allele can contribute into misbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

There were presented the results of usage of rehabilitation complex program at Multiple Sclerosis patients with motor disorders. Measures of central and peripheral action were performed as well as reparative process stimulation in CNS. Factors, determining rehabilitation effectiveness, have been analyzed.

There were presented results of many-sided perspective randomized comparative clinical study of Russian preparation Interferon-Beta-1b - ronbetal and of original preparation Betaferon. During 7,5 months of taking of these preparations there was conducted a monthly magnetic resonance tomography together with intravenous injection of paramagnetic contrast agent. This clinical investigation has demonstrated equal safety, tolerance and effectiveness of Ronbetal and Interferon.

Modern data on pathogenic mechanisms of multiple sclerosis and their correlation with clinical manifestations, course and prognosis of the disease, as well as possibilities and limitations of contemporary pathogenic therapy were presented. There was considered a variety of immunomodelling preparations, influencing the basic pathogenetic mechanisms of multiple sclerosis, as well as necessity of creating markers, reflecting a pathogenetic mechanism in a certain patient for the aim of substantial therapeutic effectiveness.

The article gives an account of recent views of both ophthalmologists and neurologists on the issue of early diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis in patients, whose disease manifestation begins with optic disorders. The study investigates anatomic and pathogenetic connection between Optic Neuritis (ON) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS), as well as there is a discussion on the use of latest visualized technologies in order to carry out differential diagnostics for ON and MS.

There were presented contemporary data, including the results of our own investigations about pathogenetic mechanisms of psychoemotional disorders, which can be found at multiple sclerosis. The results of demonstrative investigations in effectiveness of pharmacotherapy and of nonpharmacological methods of depression correction and chronic fatigue were summarized.

Conceptual and methodological issues of quality of life research in multiple sclerosis are considered. Modern standards of quality of life assessment are presented. Modern standards of quality of life research in patients with multiple sclerosis are demonstrated.

Among new immune-modeling and anti-inflammatory preparations, changing the course of remitting multiple sclerosis, there was studied polypeptide glatiramere acetate, having immune-modeling, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective qualities. There were given results of our own investigations for adherence to medications, changing MS course, especially to glatiramere acetate.

The role of intrinsic medullar and extra medullar factors in the relationship between syrinx development and spinal cord inflammation is discussed.