Vol 9, No 1-2 (2009)
- Year: 2009
- Articles: 8
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/1606-8181/issue/view/7229
Articles
Adaptive Behavior and the State of Functional Activity of the Endogeneous Opioid System
Abstract
Zuikov AV, Semenova ТP, Kozlovskiy II, Zakharova NM, Andreeva LA, Коzlovskaya MM. [Adaptive Behavior and the State of Functional Activity of the Endogeneous Opioid System]. Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9(1-2). Epub 2009 May 04. Russian.
BACKGROUND: It has been established that the endogenous opiates and peptides play important role in the regulation of cognitive processes and stress resistance in numerous species. In this study we present the effects of the opiate antagonist naloxone and selank, the tuftsin analogue with anxiolitic and nootropic activity, on adaptive behavior of the hibernator, ground squirrel. The role of the functional activity of the brain opioid system (OS) in the regulation of adaptive behavior of hibernators has been studied.
METHODS: The functional activity of OS was changed by injecting naloxone (1 mg/kg), an opioid receptor blocker, and the selank (300 μg/kg), which is capable of inhibiting brain enkephalinase. The experiments were performed on Jakutian long-tailed ground squirrels Spermophilus undulatus (n = 19) in the spring and autumn periods of the annual cycle. The adaptive behavior was studied in a stress situation by the method of «open field» and in new surroundings using the «holeboard» method.
RESULTS: It was shown that selank activated the parameters of adaptive behavior in both experimental situations. Naloxone reduced the adaptive capacity caused by the selank-induced activation of OS, impairing the adaptive behavior in the open field. The effect of naloxone was most clearly pronounced in the autumn period of the annual cycle.
CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate the interrelationship of the effects of naloxone and the selank on the functional activity of OS and the adaptive behavior of ground squirrels in the transition periods of the annual cycle: the entry to, and arousal from hibernation. [in Russian with English Summary].
Citation: Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9(1-2): 2510-2516
Psychopharmacology & biological narcology. 2009;9(1-2):2510-2516
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Psychopharmacological Profile of Nootropic-like Peptides
Abstract
Shabanov PD, Lebedev AA, Kornilov VA, Lavrov NV, Lyubimov AV, Yaklashkin AV. [Psychopharmacological Profile of Nootropic-like Peptides]. Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9(1-2). Epub 2009 May 04. Russian.
The analysis of phychopharmacological profile of 9 peptide drugs (cortexin, cerebrolysine, deltaran, cortagen, oleyl-cortagen, semax, selank, noopept, dilept) in comparison with piracetam and mexidol was shown that cerebrolysine (1 mg/kg), oleyl-cortagen (1 mg/kg) and piracetam (200 mg/kg) pos-sessed activating effect on motor and research components of behavior in "open field" test, and piracetam and cerebrolysine increased the emotional status of rats. Deprimating type of action was revealed in dilept (1 mg/kg), which decreased horizontal and vertical motor activity in rats. Only one peptide, selank (0.1 mg/kg), possessed antiaggresion action. A number of peptides (oleyl-cortagen, dilept and cortexin) demonstrated antidepressant effects, while cerebrolysine (1 mg/kg), oleyl-cortagen (1 mg/kg) and selank (0.1 mg/kg), on the other hand, performed depressant action on rat behavior in the Porsolt' test. Therefore, the significant psychoactivating properties are typical for cerebrolysine, oleyl-cortagen, cortexin and piracetam, while dilept, selank and in the less degree semax inhibited rat behavior, demonstrating deprimating type of action. [in Russian with English Summary].
Citation: Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9 (1-2): 2517-2523
Psychopharmacology & biological narcology. 2009;9(1-2):2517-2523
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Dinamics of the Brain Self-stimulation after Forced Administration of Psychoactive Drugs
Abstract
Shabanov PD, Lebedev AA, Lyubimov AV, Kornilov VA. [Dinamics of the Brain Self-stimulation after Forced Administration of Psychoactive Drugs]. Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9(1-2). Epub 2009 May 04. Russian.
Wistar rats with implanted into the lateral hypothalamus electrodes received within 4 days i.p. the following drugs in elevated doses: 1) physiological saline (control; 0.1-0.2-0.4-0.8 ml/rat), 2) psychostimulant amphetamine (0.5-1.0-2.0-4.0 mg/kg); 3) opioid fentanyl (0.00625-0.0125-0.025-0.05 mg/kg), 4) ethanol 40% solution (0.5-1.0-2.0-4.0 g/kg), 5) barbiturate sodium ethaminal (2.5-5-10-20 mg/kg) or 6) synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (0.5-1.0-2.0-4.0 mg/kg). The forced regimen of drug administration led to gradual load of the organism and prevented drug tolerance. The self-stimulation reaction of the lateral hypothalamus was registered every day within drug administration. The forced (in elevated doses) administration of psychoactive drugs revealed the following regularity: firstly, the dose-dependent effect of psychostimulant amphetamine and opioid fentanyl; secondly, dexamethasone modulated self-stimulation, increasing (2 day, 1 mg/kg) or decreasing it (3 day, 2 mg/kg); thirdly, ethanol (1-2 g/kg) activated self-stimulation slightly. At last, sodium ethaminal slightly inhibited self-stimulation and increased the thresholds of self-stimulation. Therefore, self-stimulation reaction is suitable method to evaluate the reinforcing properties of drugs after their forced administration. [in Russian with English Summary].
Citation: Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9 (1-2): 2524-2529
Psychopharmacology & biological narcology. 2009;9(1-2):2524-2529
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The Development of Male Sexual Function after Prenatal Modulation of Cholinergic System
Abstract
Bairamov AA. [The Development of Male Sexual Function after Prenatal Modulation of Cholinergic System]. Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9(1-2). Epub 2009 May 04. Russian.
Prenatal exposure of N-cholinolytic gangleron compared with M-cholinolytic methamyzil to pregnant rat females at 9-19 days of pregnancy produced the long-term behavioral changes in pubescent rat progenies. Pubescent rat progenies had got the low dynamics of gaining sexual experience and decreased sexual activity with equal disturbance of motivation and coitus. The quantity of males with reduced sexual activity was more compared with the control group. It is suggested that sexual dysfunction of adulthood offsprings is provoked by introduction of gangleron (N-cholinolytic) which was injected at 9-11 and 12-14 days of gestation, and methamyzil (M-cholinolytic) injected at 9-11 days of gestation. We suppose that the regulation of neuronal mechanisms for sexual function is disturbed as a consequence of long-term changings in neurotransmitter activity (first of all in the dopaminergic activity) in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. Therefore, in brain limbic structures was mostly affected. The second reason of the reduced sexual activity in the offsprings is the decrease of the blood testosterone. [in Russian with English Summary].
Сitation: Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9(1-2): 2530-2539
Psychopharmacology & biological narcology. 2009;9(1-2):2530-2539
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The effect of Cytoflavine on Bioenergetic Processes in the Liver after Severe Compression Trauma of Legs
Abstract
Yunusov IA, Zarubina IV. [The Effect of Cytoflavine on Bioenergetic Processes in the Liver after Severe Compression Trauma of Legs]. Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9(1-2). Epub 2009 May 04. Russian.
In the experiments on rats was shown that the severe compression trauma of leg muscles was accompanied with reduction of energetic potential of the liver. Cytoflavine injected to traumatized rats increased the contents of ATP and cAMP, decreased the level of ADP and AMP, recovering the energetic potential of adenine nucleotides in the liver. [in Russian with English Summary].
Citation: Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9 (1-2): 2540-2545
Psychopharmacology & biological narcology. 2009;9(1-2):2540-2545
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The Treatment of Alcohol Dependence and Anxiety Disorders with Proproten-100 and Patient's Quality of Life
Abstract
Komarov EV, Shabanov PD. [The Treatment of Alcohol Dependence and Anxiety Disorders with Proproten-100 and Patient's Quality of Life]. Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9(1-2). Epub 2009 May 04. Russian.
The psychological peculiarities of emotional and motivational state and patient's quality of life following a course of proproten-100 therapy were studied in 18 alcoholic patients in the period of remission formation and in 72 patients with anxiety disorders. The high therapeutical efficacy of proproten-100 was revealed in both groups of patients. Proproten-100 improved not only psychological status, but the patient's quality of life too. [in Russian with English Summary].
Citation: Psychopharmacol. Biol. Narcol. 2009. Vol. 9, N 1-2. P. 2546-2555
Psychopharmacology & biological narcology. 2009;9(1-2):2546-2555
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Examination as a Source of Data Obtaining about a Teenager Personality Abusing Psychoactive Agents
Abstract
Aksyonova-Sorohtej JuN, Novikov VE. [Examination as a Source of Data Obtaining about a Teenager Personality Abusing Psychoactive Agents]. Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9(1-2). Epub 2009 May 04. Russian.
The research of individual psychological features of the teenagers made offences and using psychoactive agents has been carried out. The important role of psychological and psychiatric examination for data obtaining about a personality of lawless juveniles abusing narcotic and psychotropic agents has been proved. [in Russian with English Summary].
Citation: Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009; 9 (1-2): 2556-2558
Psychopharmacology & biological narcology. 2009;9(1-2):2556-2558
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License Agreement; Author Guidelines; Publishing Ethics; Publisher Copyright Policies & Self-Archiving; 2009 Subscription Price List
Psychopharmacology & biological narcology. 2009;9(1-2):2559-2566
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