Sanitary parasitological and sanitary–bacteriological condition of the soil in the astrakhan region

This article analyzes the sanitary–parasitological and sanitary–bacteriological state of the soil of the Astrakhan region for 2015 to 2019. In total, 7587 soil samples taken from various environmental objects were studied, and 18.197 studies have been performed. Of the samples, 333 (4.4%) samples did not meet the hygiene standards. For parasitic purity, 4566 (60.2%) soil samples were examined, and 9132 (50.2%) studies have been performed. The largest number of soil samples were collected and examined in 2015 and 2016, which amounted to 943 (20.7%) in 2015 and 1046 (22.9%) in 2016. The number of samples that do not meet hygienic standards was 62 (6.6%) in 2015 and 91 (8.7%) in 2016. In 2015, the positive findings were helminthiasis caused by unfertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides (4 [0.5%]), eggs of Toxocara canis (37 [3.9%]), and larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis (21 [2.2%]). For microbiological indicators, the largest number of soil samples were collected and examined in 2019 and amounted to 694 (23.0%), of which positive findings in the form of common coliform bacteria of Escherichia coli amounted to six (0.9%). Studies for bacteriological indicators in 2016 have used 662 (21.9%) samples, which is 0.9 times less than the samples taken in 2019. The sanitary condition of the soil of the Astrakhan region remains stably tense, as evidenced by positive findings in the form of eggs and larvae of helminths, as well as pathogenic bacteria of Escherichia coli. The presence of ascarid eggs, toxocars, and strongylid larvae in the soil indicates contamination of these objects with the feces of infected people and animals. The presence of coliform bacteria of Escherichia coli in the soil also indicates contamination with the feces of sick people.