Vol 22, No 4 (2018)

In this paper, we consider periodic boundary value problems for a differential equation whose coefficients are trigonometric polynomials. The spaces of generalized functions are constructed, in which the problems considered have solutions, in particular, the solvability space of a periodic analogue of the Mizohata equation is constructed. A periodic analogue and a generalization of the construction of a nonstandard analysis are constructed, containing not only functions, but also functional spaces. As an illustration of the statement that not all constructions on a torus lead to simplification compared to a plane, a periodic analogue of the concept of a hypoelliptic differential operator is considered, where number-theoretic properties are significant. In particular, it turns out that if a polynomial with integer coefficients is irreducible in the rational field, then the corresponding differential operator is hypoelliptic on the torus.

We propose a method for modeling stress-strain state in surface-hardened elements of statically indefinable rod systems under creep. A method we propose is considered for a three-element asymmetric rod system. The solution consists of two steps: reconstruction of the stress-strain state after the procedure of surface plastic hardening of the cylindrical elements of the system (pneumatic blasting with micro balls) and the method for calculating the relaxation of residual stresses in the hardened elements amidst the creep state of rod system (as a whole structure). Rheological relations are determined on the basis of a model describing the first and second phases of creep. The solution of both stages and special aspects of the problem is illustrated on a model example of creep of systems with hardened elements made of ZhS6U alloy at the temperature of 650 °C. For hardening the rods of this alloy, real experimental data were used for axial and circumferential residual stresses. The technique of reconstruction of the stress-strain state after pneumatic blasting treatment is illustrated in detail. To build a rheological model, experimental data were used for the uniaxial creep curves of the ZhS6U alloy under various constant stresses at the temperature of 650 °C. The numerical values of the model parameters are given in the article. The uniaxial model is generalized to a complex stress state. The main problem is solved numerically using discretization by spatial and temporal coordinates. The stationary asymptotic stress-strain state of the rod system is investigated, which corresponds to the steady-state creep stage, which was used to estimate the convergence of the numerical method. The dependencies of the kinetics of all components of the residual stress tensor in all three strengthened elements of the system due to creep under a given external load are obtained. A comparative analysis of the residual stress relaxation rate in different rods is performed. The algorithm and software for solving the problem is developed. The main results of the work are illustrated by the residual stresses graphs over the depth of the hardened layer. Issues of applying the results obtained in the work to practical problems of assessing the reliability of hardened rod systems are discussed.

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In this paper, stationary dynamic equilibria of the rotating mass of a nonisothermal fluid are discussed within the accuracy limits of the Boussinesq approximation. It is demonstrated that, in this case, a fluid exhibits a finite number of counterflows, higher values of velocities than those specified on the boundary and the formation of zones of positive and negative pressures and temperatures.

The fundamental provisions of the limiting load calculation theory are presented for a discrete mechanical system with softening elements. The method is based on the numerical determination of degenerate critical points for the potential function of the system. At these points there is a transition from the stability of the loading process to instability such as a catastrophe or a failure. This approach helps to avoid solving a large number of nonlinear equilibrium equations. The problem of determining the limiting internal pressure in a thin walled cylindrical tank is solved as an example. A unified potential specially defined for a flat square element of material in biaxial tension is used in developing a potential function of the system. It describes all stages of deformation including the softening stage.