Compact Automated CO2-Laser Installation for Separation of Average Mass Isotopes

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Abstract

A small-scale installation with automated control based on a compact repetitively pulsed CO2 laser has been developed. It is used to isolate the 14C carbon isotope during development of the reactor graphite purification process. The operating principle of the facility is based on the selective multiphoton laser dissociation method. The precise wavelength tuning is ensured by the design of a special diffraction grating assembly with automatic control. It is shown that the setup functions are much broader, and it can be used to separate the average-mass isotopes and other chemical elements.

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About the authors

V. M. Baev

Joint Stock Company "NIIEFA named after D.V. Efremov" State Corporation Rosatom

Author for correspondence.
Email: journal@electronics.ru

Head of the laboratory – Development of circuit diagrams for automatic control of the laser systems

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

L. V. Bodakin

Joint Stock Company "NIIEFA named after D.V. Efremov" State Corporation Rosatom

Email: journal@electronics.ru

Chief specialist – Assembly of the LLI installation gas system, adjustment of the optical cavity and diagnostic path

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

A. A. Voronkova

Joint Stock Company "NIIEFA named after D.V. Efremov" State Corporation Rosatom

Email: journal@electronics.ru

Software engineer – Development of the automation concept and the LLI system control algorithm

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

A. V. Vasiliev

Joint Stock Company "NIIEFA named after D.V. Efremov" State Corporation Rosatom

Email: journal@electronics.ru

Principal researcher – Optimization of the LLI working gas mixture parameters, bringing to the frequency mode

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

S. M. Kotov

Joint Stock Company "NIIEFA named after D.V. Efremov" State Corporation Rosatom

Email: journal@electronics.ru

Principal researcher – Design and manufacture of the high-voltage part of the laser power supply

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

V. A. Kubasov

Joint Stock Company "NIIEFA named after D.V. Efremov" State Corporation Rosatom

Email: journal@electronics.ru

Leading researcher, Ph.D. in physics and mathematics – Development of the laser optical circuit, design and selection of the cavity elements (lens, mirrors)

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

A. V. Pavlenko

Joint Stock Company "NIIEFA named after D.V. Efremov" State Corporation Rosatom

Email: journal@electronics.ru

Head of the department, Ph.D. in physics and mathematics – General management of the LLI developmental works

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

F. P. Podtykan

Joint Stock Company "NIIEFA named after D.V. Efremov" State Corporation Rosatom

Email: journal@electronics.ru

Head of the laboratory – Theoretical substantiation of the possible14C isotope isolation using the experience of work with the13C isotope

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

P. V. Tomashevich

Joint Stock Company "NIIEFA named after D.V. Efremov" State Corporation Rosatom

Email: journal@electronics.ru

Project academic supervisor, head of the laboratory – Calculation works for optimization of the LLI output specifications, determination of the radiation energy required for the multiphoton dissociation

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

V. V. Khukharev

Joint Stock Company "NIIEFA named after D.V. Efremov" State Corporation Rosatom

Email: journal@electronics.ru

Leading researcher, Ph.D. in physics and mathematics – Theoretical substantiation of the gas mixture parameters, interaction processes between the laser radiation and freon-22

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

References

  1. Bodrov O. V., Kuznetsov V. N., Muratov O. E., Talevlin A. A. Handling graphite during decommissioning of RBMK reactors. Atomic Strategy XXI. 2020;159:4–9.
  2. Velikhov E. P., Baranov V.Yu., Letokhov V. S., Ryabov E. A., Starostin A. N. Pulsed CO2 lasers and their application for isotope separation. – M.: Nauka.1983. 304 p.
  3. Bokhan P. A., Buchanov V. V., Zakrevskii D. E., Kazaryan M. A., Kalugin A. M., Prokhorov A. M., Fateev N. V. Laser separation of isotopes in atomic vapors. – M.: FIZMATLIT, 2004. 208 p. ISSN 5-9221-0497-7.
  4. Baranov G. A., Kuchinsky A. A. Powerful pulsed CO2 – high pressure lasers and their applications. Quantum electronics. 2005; 35(3):219–229.
  5. Baranov G. A., Astakhov A. V., Zinchenko A. K., Kuchinsky A. A., Shevchenko Yu. I., Sokolov E. N., Kalitievskii A. K., Godisov O. N., Fedichev S. V., Baranov V.Yu., Dyadkin A. P., Ryabov E. A. Technological complex for laser separation of carbon isotopes. Ros. chem. well. 2001; 5–6:89–95.
  6. Petukhov V. O., Gorobets V. A. Automated adjustment of CO2 – laser to a given generation line without a spectral instrument. Quantum electronics. 2005; 35(2):149–152.
  7. Makarov G. N., Petin A. N. Mutual strong increase in the efficiency of isotopically selective laser IR dissociation of molecules under nonequilibrium thermodynamic conditions of a shock wave during irradiation in a bimolecular mixture. Quantum Electron. 50:11 (2020): 1036–1042.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. JATS XML
2. Fig. 1. Optical circuit of the laser installation: 1 – gas discharge module; 2 – diffraction grating; 3 – flat mirror; 4 – exit gate; 5 – convergent lens; 6 – reactor; 7 – spherical mirror; 8 – branch pipes; 9 – bellows; 10 – interaction area

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3. Fig. 2. The carbon enrichment process flow by the 14С isotope

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4. Fig. 3. Laboratory laser installation: 1 – reactor; 2 – HCl purification unit; 3 – gas discharge module, 2 pcs.; 4 – regeneration unit; 5 – thyratron discharge power supply unit, 2 pcs.; 6 – thyratron backlight power supply; 7 – optical cavity; 8 – product selection unit; 9 – gas supply system; 10 – vacuum pumping system; 11 – external cooling system; 12 – automated control system; 13 – support frame; 14 – panel of relay and power equipment

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5. Fig.4. Design of the diffraction grating assembly for flexible spectral tuning

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Copyright (c) 2023 Baev V.M., Bodakin L.V., Voronkova A.A., Vasiliev A.V., Kotov S.M., Kubasov V.A., Pavlenko A.V., Podtykan F.P., Tomashevich P.V., Khukharev V.V.

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