Pulsed optical and X-ray radiation of fractals: review of hypotheses. Part I. Micro runaway breakdown

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Abstract

The article presents the study results of the breakdown of fractals of the nano-sized aluminum droplets on the polymer filaments made of carbon benzene rings under a sudden voltage (discharge) of 1.6 kV cm−1 that is similar in magnitude to the electric field of 2.16 kV cm−1 required for the occurrence of micro-breakdown with the runaway electrons during the high-altitude lightning discharges. For the ordinary air breakdown, a voltage of 1–30 kV per centimeter is required. The photographs of radiation shapes in the optical spectral region for two types of breakdowns are provided. The possible reverse of the Doppler effect and Cherenko radiation on the fractal metamaterials is discussed.

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About the authors

Petr P. Maltsev

P. P. Maltsev Institute of Microwave Frequencies of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: isvch@isvch.ru

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher

Russian Federation, Moscow

References

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2. Fig. 1. Sprite high-altitude discharge (Lomonosov project, Lomonosov Moscow State University Research Institute; source: http://lomonosov.sinp.msu.ru)

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3. Fig. 2. Model of the conditions for a high-altitude discharge

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4. Fig. 3. Dependence of the field E / Ec on the height z

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5. Fig. 4. Atmospheric phenomena observed in the upper atmosphere – the Sprite high-altitude discharges: Red Sprite and Blue Jet (source: Neubert T. et al. Recent results from studies of electric discharges in the mesosphere surveys. Surveys in Geophysics. 2008; 29: 71–137. Doi: 10.1007/s10712–008–9043–1)

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6. Fig. 5. Dependence of radiation intensity on time

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