Trunk and Regional Quantum Network Architecture

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Abstract

The article considers the applicable approaches to the implementation of quantum communications networks in Russia, its architecture, including any relations between the individual elements or levels in the context of available statutory regulations of the quantum communications industry and its common use. The main relevant concepts and definitions are provided.

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About the authors

Artur V. Gleym

Russian Railways; Emperor Alexander I Saint Petersburg State Transport University

Author for correspondence.
Email: gleymav@center.rzd.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2307-5454

Cand. of Sc. (Tech.), Head of the Quantum Communications Department; Associate Professor at the Department of Electrical Communications

Russian Federation, Moscow; Saint Petersburg

Ksenia S. Samburskaya

Russian Railways

Email: samburskayaks@center.rzd.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2899-648X

Cand. of Sc. (Phys. & Math.), Chief Specialist at the Research Collaboration Division of the Quantum Communications Department

Russian Federation, Moscow

Konstantin V. Smirnov

Russian Railways

Email: smirnovkv@center.rzd.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1562-0520

Dr. of Sc. (Phys. & Math.), Deputy Head of the Quantum Communications Department

Russian Federation, Moscow

References

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  2. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1856-r dated July 11, 2023, “On Approval of the Concept for Regulating the Quantum Communications Industry in the Russian Federation until 2030”. URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_452276/f62ee45faefd8e2a11d6d88941ac66824f848bc2/
  3. GOST R 51583-2014 Information protection. Procedure for creating automated systems in a secure environment. General provisions. URL: https://ohranatruda.ru/upload/iblock/44b/4293772843.pdf
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  9. Wang, S., Yin, ZQ., He, DY. et al. Twin-field quantum key distribution over 830-km fibre. Nat. Photon. 2022;16:154–161.
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  13. Quantum Internet of Things. Typical software-hardware complex distributing keys generated by QKD network. External interfaces. URL: https://protect.gost.ru/document1.aspx?control=31&baseC=6&page=8&month=1&year=2024&search=&id=257134
  14. PROquantum is at the heart of quantum communications. URL: https://proquant.ru/quants/trends/v-serdtse-kvantovykh-kommunikatsiy
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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Levels of quantum-secure communication network and quantum key distribution network

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3. Fig. 2. Quantum key level of the QKD network with the point-to-point topology

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4. Fig. 3. Arrangement chart of the quantum channel connections at the quantum key level in the QKD network using the optical switches

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5. Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of a point-to-point QKD network with a quantum repeater

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6. Fig. 5. Application of the TIN to obtain the QSK in the QKD network

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7. Fig. 6. QKD network of arbitrary configuration

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8. Fig. 7. Control of the QSCN condition

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Copyright (c) 2025 Gleym A.V., Samburskaya K.S., Smirnov K.V.