Penalty (fine) under the Criminal Code of 1903

This study is devoted to the institution of a fine under the Criminal Code of 1903. The author analyzed the criminal law norms that were in force at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, revealed the prerequisites for the origin, occurrence and development of a judicial fine. The rules of law, the system of types of punishments, and features of the legislative technique used in its preparation are examined in detail. Purpose of the article: This work aims to study the historical and legal features of the institution of a judicial fine, its genesis, ontogenesis in the Criminal Code of 1903. Methodology and methods: the article uses analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, a comparative legal method, as well as a method of interpreting legal norms that allow you to analyze the institution of a fine (fine) and determine the optimal vector for the development of criminal penalties. Conclusions: the problem of imperfections in the current legislation is becoming relevant for study at present. The author draws the views of researchers on the fact that legislative innovations of recent years, reflected in the Criminal Code, are not so much a product of a modern legislator as features of the legal heritage of Russia. A monetary fine (fine) was first introduced to partially offset the shortcomings of the current criminal law, such as: formalization, the uncertainty of sanctions, the lack of consistency, the presence of an analogy. The appearance of such an institution as a penalty, or a fine (fine) was due to the spirit of the times and the desire of the legislator to individualize punishment. Scope of the results: the research materials analyzed in this article may be of interest in the scientific and educational field as a textbook for students of higher educational institutions: bachelors, undergraduates, graduate students exploring this area of criminal law. Also, this material may be of interest to teachers of law schools, can be used as a tool for the preparation of practical and seminar classes.

Criminal Law, Criminal Code of 1903, crime, criminal punishment, types of punishment, fine, monetary fine, improvement of norms