Gaps in Russian Legislation

The article analyzes the main scientific ideas of Professor S.S. Zankovsky in the field of legal regulation of entrepreneurial obligations and social entrepreneurship. One of the main ideas of the scientist on the need to harmonize private and public law principles in the regulation of legal relations in the field of entrepreneurial obligations is highlighted. As a continuation of this idea, thanks to the harmonization of legal regulation, the achievement of the effect of "comfortable legislation" for business in the latter's partnerships with the state. The most significant positions of S.S. Zankovsky in the field of social entrepreneurship, concerning, in particular, the subject composition of social entrepreneurship. Attention was paid to the opinion of the scientist on the special role of social entrepreneurship and its legal concept for the development of the country's economy. It was concluded that legislation in the field of social entrepreneurship is at the initial stage of formation.

This article examines the current state of the regulatory framework for easements and public easements, the incompleteness of this regulation, contradictions in the existing regulatory framework, an analysis of several current issues related to easements in actual Russian law, and the authors' opinions on the possible deepening and expansion of regulatory framework for easements. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, the authors come to the conclusion that the existing regulatory framework for easements is incomplete and contradictory. The existing incompleteness leads to ambiguity in the essence of the proportionate fee for the easement, and discrepancies in the methods for calculating the proportionate fee for the easement. Termination of an easement due to the cessation of the grounds for its establishment (and for other reasons) is not provided for the owner of the dominant object.

The article examines systemic changes in public-private partnerships (PPP) using Moscow and the Moscow region as examples, with a focus on the regulation of land relations. It analyzes new approaches and mechanisms implemented to enhance the efficiency of interactions between government structures and the private sector. Key factors contributing to the successful implementation of PPP projects are explored, as well as the main problems and challenges faced by participants in land relations. The results emphasize the importance of a comprehensive approach to regulation and the need for legislative adaptation to create a favorable investment environment. The study of systemic changes in public-private partnerships (PPP) in Moscow and the Moscow region has shown significant improvements in the regulation of land relations. The new legal framework has simplified the procedures for obtaining permits and approvals, thereby increasing the transparency of processes. The introduction of electronic platforms has enhanced trust from private investors and reduced corruption risks. Innovative financing mechanisms, such as project financing, have attracted additional investments in PPP projects. However, the research also identified several issues, including a lack of information about participation opportunities and difficulties in coordination among government bodies. Recommendations for further improvement include developing unified standards and strengthening informational support for PPP participants. Overall, successful PPP projects positively impact infrastructure development and the social sphere, contributing to the economic growth of the region.

The purpose of the research. In this article the author studies the contemporary Russian historiography, including scholarly works in the fields of law, history, and other humanities, which deal with the subject of legal regulation of stat-church relations. Different models of state-religious relations are examined in the legal-historical perspective. There is also the analysis of different approaches to the subject of legal regulation of state-religious relations, used by historians and specialists in law. Results. The Russian scholarly literature on the subject of legal regulation of state-church relations is rather diverse, with a clear predominance of historical books, yet there are few examples of legal research. Most important works address the issue of state-church relations in the Soviet period. Besides, it is necessary to mention that new significant studies have been published recently, in which the authors not just present the unknown archival documents, but also analyze them though the scope of other available sources, including the memories, personal interviews, and so on.

The article emphasizes that information law, since its inception, has been developing as a complex branch of law, borrowing some of the rules from private and public law. The intersection of scientific industry interests in the subject area of information law and intellectual property law, as well as other branches of public law and humanitarian disciplines, is established.

The author comes to the conclusion that the distinction between the concepts of "information" and "digital" law is associated with the use of new "cross-cutting technologies" in the digital economy and different levels of scientific formation of their conceptual apparatus, and also proposes to comprehensively consider "Legal Support for Information Security" as a sub-branch of information law in connection with the use of information technologies and digital solutions.

The article analyzes interdisciplinary problems that are insufficiently developed in the theory of information law, related to civil, commercial, administrative, criminal and other branches of law in the digital economy. A scientific approach is formulated and the relevance of the choice of research in the field of legal regulation and protection of information in the digital era is shown.

The article attempts to reconstruct the personality image of a criminal who commits crimes against the peace and security of mankind. Based on the provisions of the legal doctrine and materials of law enforcement practice, the author has put forward reasonable characteristics of a criminogenic person who commits encroachments on the interests of peace and security of mankind. The author examines the differences between the characteristics of the criminal's personality depending on the type of assault.

In this article, the author outlines the ideas of creating a criminal law mechanism to ensure the implementation of national development goals, criminal law and criminalistic issues in the field of regulating liability for abuses in public procurement, including the use of: hardware and software complexes; digital innovations and high-tech systems; artificial intelligence capabilities in the criminal law mechanism to ensure the implementation of national development goals.. The article examines offenses in the field of public procurement and analyzes the implementation of criminal policy in the field of procurement of goods, works, and services to meet state or municipal needs.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to use in the production of investigative actions based on the communicative aspect, the synergy of language and law and the resolution of criminal procedural issues related to the use of certain linguistic methods. The article is devoted to improving the activities of law enforcement agencies through the integration of knowledge from various scientific fields, particularly linguistics and law. The article explores the techniques of forensic linguistics used in the preliminary investigation phase, focusing on the examination of language patterns during interrogations and the detection of verbal cues associated with deceptive statements. The author proposes linguistic techniques, such as specification of descriptions, linguistic provocations, and language traps, which can help optimize communication between investigators and interviewees. Attention is drawn to the problems of stylization and language standardization in procedural documents, which can lead to the distortion of information and the rejection of testimony in court. It is emphasized that the use of linguistic knowledge can enhance the professional culture of law enforcement officers, improve the quality of procedural documents, and increase the effectiveness of investigative actions.

The article provides a systematic analysis of the possibilities and prospects of using artificial intelligence technologies as an auxiliary tool for improving access to justice in criminal cassation proceedings. Based on the study of modern scientific approaches and law enforcement practice, the author specifies key areas of artificial intelligence application: automated analysis of cassation complaints and submissions, implementation of "predictive cassation", integration of computer vision technologies, ensuring uniformity of judicial practice. The necessity of maintaining the auxiliary nature of artificial intelligence systems in relation to the procedural activities of the court while simultaneously increasing the guarantees of legality and validity of cassation instance decisions is substantiated. Potential risks of artificial intelligence implementation are identified and specific mechanisms for their minimization are proposed.

The article highlights the issues of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles to identify and document crimes and offenses in the field of trafficking in amber and jade, and suggests an algorithm for the sequential actions of police officers when using UAVs. By itself, the use of UAVs is possible not only as a means of documenting illegal actions and collecting operationally relevant information, but also as an effective mechanism for preventing crimes in the field of trafficking in amber and jade. The conducted research has shown the prospects of using UAVs in the activities of law enforcement agencies.

Objectives of the study. The topic of the article touches upon current issues of international technology transfer in the context of the use of illegal unilateral restrictive measures (so-called "sanctions") by the countries of the collective West. There is no doubt that the collective West will always use sanctions pressure. In connection to this, it should be necessary to review the statement, if existing international law mechanisms are in power to give clear answer at this disaster illegal situation. The article analyzes the fundamental international legal acts regulating technology transfer issues, including agreements of the WIPO and the WTO. The principles and approaches to technology transfer embedded in them are studied, an assessment of the effectiveness is given, as well as the achievability of the goals set, taking into account the historical and modern context. Conclusions. The conducted analysis revealed obstacles that have prevented the introduction of a truly effective mechanism for technology transfer at the international level for decades. Among main issues, we should highlight several points including: absence in international law of "technology transfer" conception, absence of such concept implementation mechanics, lack of legally established obligations of advanced countries on technology transfer to developing contries and LDCs. The inability of key international universal organizations to exert practical influence on real, and not declared by them, technology transfer was revealed. Moreover, it was established that the rules of international trade not only do not promote, but significantly hinder international technological transfer.

Acting as one of the state-strategic, main priorities of modern Russia, activities to ensure transport security are aimed at countering threats of acts of unlawful interference at transport infrastructure facilities and vehicles by type of transport. At the same time, administrative resources of transport infrastructure entities responsible for its implementation are limited by intra-organizational activity, which does not meet the real needs of the considered sphere of protective impact. These circumstances have required the strengthening of the state-power presence, including in the face of internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, which in turn has highly actualized the studies related to the definition of the essential content of sectoral administrative activity. The present article attempts to determine the essential features of administrative activity of internal affairs bodies in the sphere of ensuring transport security at railway transport facilities, based on the demarcation into law-making (norm-making), law-enforcement, control and supervisory and permissive components. Based on the results obtained, not only the corresponding author's definition is formed, but also outlines the contours of subsequent theoretical and legal research, the focus of which can be directed to the separate analysis of the content of the identified components.