Use of Special Knowledge in Investigating Crimes Committed by Different Categories of Persons

The purpose of this article is to study the use of special knowledge. The authors point out that different experts may be engaged to investigate the same process, providing varying levels of assistance to the investigator prior to the initiation of a criminal case, or directly during the investigation. The authors believe that investigators should be guided by the latest “novelties” of the expert community, actively master digital technology, understand various processes in order to successfully apply this knowledge in the investigation process, understand what specialists are needed to give explanations and provide assistance.

Conclusions: Both during the investigation process and in some cases before criminal proceedings are initiated, different specialists may be involved. In the first case, specialists help investigators to carry out various investigative actions, prepare for them, and in the second - to help to establish the circumstances that should be prosecuted, that is, to confirm the criminal nature of the act. Unfortunately, the development of science and technology serves not only the benefit of society, but also contributes to criminal research, so investigators are increasingly turning to knowledgeable individuals who help explain the schemes, processes, and consequences of certain acts, crimes, and often the goals of criminals. Specialists provide consulting and explanatory assistance, give clarifying information, advice on conducting the necessary examinations, and the results that they can give. It should be noted that police officers should also broaden their horizons, and not blindly rely on the arguments of specialists, treat them with a reasonable degree of criticality, especially in the case of conclusions on new types of expertise. Also, if there are doubts to clarify these versions with other specialists, that is, the investigator should be guided in the basic scientific knowledge, and if possible to take an interest in the latest achievements of expert technology. Since 2021, there has been conversations about the electronic criminal process, for which the latest digital technologies are being widely mastered, digital technology, various CIRS, hardware-software complexes, etc. are being used.