No 1 (2010)

We review the literature data devoted to use of the intrauterine levonorgestrel-releasing system (LNG-IUS), an effective method of prevention of unwanted pregnancies in women of reproductive age and fertile perimenopausal women with ovulatory menstrual cycles. It is also possible the use of LNG-IUS as ultra low dose hormone progestin component of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogens. The selection criteria for the use of LNG-IUD in premenopausal women as the progestin component of HRT are the presence of symptoms of climacteric syndrome, anovulation, and oligomenorrhea. The use of LNG-IUD in patients with hyperplastic processes of endometrium and breast, as well as dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome, menorrhagia, endometriosis, premenstrual syndrome, anemia is most reasonable.

We discuss the problem of prevention of cervical cancer (CC), in the genesis of which the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) is proved. Integrated approach to prevention and control of cervical cancer includes the various types of action from primary prevention, providing implementation of educational programs to reduce risk factors for cervical cancer and vaccination, to early detection, treatment and palliative care. Prophylactic HPV vaccines are the method of primary prevention of cervical cancer and used to create a persistent and prolonged immune response to the infection. We consider the properties and efficacy of prophylactic HPV vaccines Gardasil and Cervarix.

We discuss the problem of osteoporosis (OP) in pregnant women: causes, ways of prevention and treatment. OP is multifactorial pathology caused by insufficient intake of calcium and vitamin D as well as and increased needs of the organism in these elements. The development of OP during pregnancy can be prevented by using an integrated product that contains calcium and vitamin D (Calcium-D3 Nycomed), as well as some nutrition and behavior recommendations.

Authors consider the current approaches to emergency (EC) or postcoital contraception. It is emphasized that the most effective option of EC is the administration of hormones in fixed doses. Recently, as a means of EC antiprogestins (e.g. mifepristone) are widely used. The results of foreign and domestic studies, confirming the high efficiency and good tolerance of mifepristone, are presented. In Russia, mifepristone at a dose of 10 mg of registered as drug Ginepriston and permitted for clinical application to EC. It is emphasized that the EC is a single-use procedure and should not be applied within a few menstrual cycles. Transition with emergency on constant hormonal contraception in the absence of contraindications is rather rational.

The authors conduct the study aimed to identify regularity of erythrocyte series parameters change in oncogynecological and gynecological diseases. Study included 309 women observed in oncogynecological unit of city clinical hospital № 40 in Moscow from 2005 to 2008. Characteristics of anemia in these patients were analyzed. It is claimed that treatment of anemia in gynecologic patients should include iron preparations; because these patients have iron deficiency forms of anemia. The cases of treatment failure with oral iron preparations require parenteral administration of iron preparations. In the presence of anemia in the background oncogynecological process recombinant erythropoietin in combination with iron preparations should be prescribed, since the reduction of proliferative activity of bone marrow and hemoglobin synthesis in against cancer process is proved.

We present data for the properties of nettle (Urtica dioica), growing practically in all territory of Russian Federation. Dried leaves of nettle are officinal in Russia and allowed to medical use as a haemostatic and multivitamin agents. Preparations made from nettle leaves widely used as hemostatic agent in uterine and gastrointestinal bleeding in the official medical practice. Due to the content of biogenic amines, galenical preparations on the basis of nettle increase the contractile ability of uterine unstriated muscles, similar to ergot. There are a number of other indications for the use of nettle. We present the state in which the use of nettle is contraindicated.