No 20 (2010)

In this review, the advisability of broad prophylactic and therapeutic application of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) in various cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is proved. Epidemiological studies show a positive effect of ω-3 PUFAs on the risk of CVD complications. Results of numerous clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of ω-3 PUFA for the primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease after coronary artery stenting, heart rhythm disturbances, heart failure, and dyslipidemia are discussed. A number of studies confirm the benefits of drugs containing ω-3 PUFAs, with respect to both the degree of frequency and clinical efficacy in comparison with their other sources.

The article presents an overview of the biochemical properties of ademetionine, which has active multilateral effects on the cell metabolism. The pharmacological activity of preparations containing ademetionine as an active substance was assessed and prospects of development of new drugs were shown. In particular, ademetionine can modulate apoptosis in normal and proliferating hepatocytes, and in this respect ademetionine is potential agent for chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Due to anti-inflammatory and regenerating properties, ademetionine may be used in intensive care units and in burns centers.

Vertebral artery syndrome (VAS) combines the complex of cerebral, vascular and autonomic syndromes, arising from the lesion of the sympathetic plexus of vertebral artery, the deformation of its wall or luminal changes. In neurological practice, the diagnosis of VAS, as a rule, is making in patients with the specific set of complaints and clinical syndromes that can be associated with degenerative lesions or anomalies of the cervical spine. The problems of diagnosis of VAS are considered, the treatment of this pathology is discussed. Data for the possible use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug Airtal (aceclofenac), centrally acting muscle relaxant Mydocalm (tolperizone) and other medicines are presented.

It examines new possibility of functional dyspepsia treatment, its ulcerous and dyskinetic variants. It was worked out fixed combinations of remedies, combining in one capsule prokinetic domperidone and proton pump inhibitor omeprazol. Such combined preparation is Omez D, which normalizes motor function of digestive tract upper part and inhibitor secretion of hydrochloric acid in stomach. It positively influences on reduction of pain syndrome in epigastrium and dyspepsia presentations, which are typical for functional dyspepsia. It is presented indications of Omez D, schemes and intake.

The article discusses the clinical significance and approaches to the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases in the physician's practice. The vascular dementia (VD), which first must be recognized by general practitioner, inevitably lead to social maladjustment, promotes a discernible decline in adherence to treatment; in this connection, the course of majority of chronic diseases worsens. The contributing factors for VD and other cognitive impairments (arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, etc.), possible ways of their prevention and treatment are considered. Results of clinical studies show that pentoxifylline is one of the pathogenetic action drugs which inhibit the progression of cognitive dysfunction. It is noted that long-term use of pentoxifylline allows to reduce the rate of development of VD in patients after acute cerebrovascular events, including recurrent events.

The article presents the experience of the development, implementation and use of domestic product based on polyethyleneglycol for the preparation of patients for diagnostic and surgical interventions on the colon by intestinal lavage. The appearance of modern, efficient, safe, and well tolerated drug on the list of vital and essential medicines on Russian market is the result of collaboration of the group of chemists, clinicians, pharmaceutical technologists and manufacturers.

The dynamics of free-radical lipoperoxide processes and antioxidant activity of blood plasma in 62 patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of different severity against the background of prolonged use of high-dose N-acetylcysteine in the combination treatment of disease were assessed. It was noted that lipoperoxide processes, reflecting the intensity of oxidative stress, were more pronounced among patients with COPD who not received inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). On the background of long-term antioxidant treatment of COPD with high-dose N-acetylcysteine, intensity of oxidative stress has decreased, and the antioxidant effect of treatment was significantly more pronounced in patients received ICS. This was accompanied by decrease in respiratory symptoms and increase in exercise tolerance. It is emphasized that the inclusion of high-dose N-acetylcysteine (1200 mg/day) in the combination treatment of stable COPD with the aim of suppression of oxidative stress is efficient for patients receiving ICS, i.e. patients with severe and very severe COPD.

Blood-brain barrier prevents the transport of drugs into the central nervous system. This limits the possibilities of therapy for many diseases. Thus, the drug transport across the blood-brain barrier remains one of the key problems of modern pharmacology. This study investigated the possibility of using blood apolipoproteins to increase of dalargin transport through the bloodbrain barrier. Antinociceptive activity of dalargin (7,5 mg/kg) adsorbed on nanoparticles with different coating was studied on outbred albino mice by the tail-flick test. Delivery of dalargin to the brain was most effective and safe in case of using nanoparticles with apolipoprotein E coating.