Money laundering from the point of view of the Slovak and Russian legislation


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Abstract

The article analyzes strategy regarding anti-money laundering policy in the Slovak Republic and the Russian Federation. Article also emphasises fight against money-laundering at the international level. Money laundering is the process of concealing illegal origin of money and bringing appearance of legality to money deriving from criminal activities. States have eminent interest to prevent such activities from occurring. Article focuses on the Slovak legislation concerning anti-money laundering including criminal liability of legal entities. Law which would enact criminal liability of legal entities in the Russian Federation was not adopted yet. Authors came to conclusion that legal acts of the Slovak Republic and the Russian Federation are similar but in certain areas they differ. One significant difference has been observed by authors.

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About the authors

Margita Prokeinová

Comenius University in Bratislava

Email: margita.prokeinova@flaw.uniba.sk
Doctor of Law, Candidate of Philosophy, Professor; associate professor of the Department of Criminal Law, Criminology and Criminalistics of the Faculty of Law Bratislava, Slovakia

Natália Hangáčová

Comenius University in Bratislava

Email: natalia.hangacova@flaw.uniba.sk
Doctor of Law, Candidate of Engineering; internal PhD student of the Department of Criminal Law, Criminology and Criminalistics of the Faculty of Law Bratislava, Slovakia

References

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  5. Dictionary of contemporary english - Logman. 3rd ed. Essex, England, 1995.
  6. Act No. 297/2008 Coll. on protection against legalisation of proceeds deriving from criminal activities and protection against terrorism financing as amended.
  7. Act. No. 221/1994 Coll. on proof of origin of funds in privatisation as amended.
  8. Act No. 300/2005 Coll. criminal code of the Slovak Republic as amended.
  9. Act No. 91/2016 Coll. on criminal liability of legal entities as amended.
  10. Council Directive 91/308/EEC of June 10, 1991 on prevention of the use of the financial system for the purpose of money laundering.
  11. Directive 2001/97/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of December 4, 2001 on prevention of the use of the financial system for the purpose of money laundering.
  12. Directive 2005/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of October 26, 2005 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purpose of money laundering and terrorist financing.
  13. Directive 2015/849 of the European Parliament and of the Council of May 20, 2015 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing, amending Regulation (EU) No. 648/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Directive 2005/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Directive 2006/70/EC.
  14. Federal law of the Russian Federation on countering the legalization of illegal earnings (money laundering) and the financing of terrorism Nо. 115-FZ.
  15. Federal law of the Russian Federation Nо. 134-FZ of June 28, 2013 on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation aimed to counter illegal financial operations.
  16. Criminal code of the Russian Federation Nо. 63-FZ.

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