Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items

Peer-review scientific medical journal

Editor-in-chief

  • Professor Vasiliy G. Akimkin, MD; Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Director, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being (Moscow, Russia)
    ORCID: 0000-0003-4228-9044

Publisher

  • LLC “Bionika Media”

Founder

  • LLC “Bionika Media”

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About journal

'Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items' (ISSN Key title: Èpidemiologiâ i Infekcionnye Bolezni. Aktual’nye voprosy) is a bimonthly medical scientific-and-practical journal published since 2011.

The journal is intended for a wide range of specialists, such as epidemiologists, infectiologists, pediatricians, therapists, local and family physicians, researchers, higher educators, and health administrators. It continues the best traditions of Russian science and practice.

The theme of the journal is versatile and covers all areas of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases.

The journal familiarizes practitioners with the latest scientific advances in the diagnosis, clinical presentation, and epidemiology of infectious diseases. Its articles reflect current views on the etiopathogenesis, clinical picture, current drug and non-drug treatments, prevention, and rehabilitation of infectious diseases. The journal proposes to exchange practical experience, to discuss critical problems in infectious pathology, and to enhance professional knowledge of these issues. It also discusses the topical issues of pre- and postgraduate education of physicians, such as infectiologists and epidemiologists, and the ways of improving a pedagogical process.

Scientific reviews on the most topical problems are regularly published. The journal pages provide the official information of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and an analysis of the epidemic situation in the country.

«Èpidemiologiâ i infekcionnye bolezni. Aktual’nye voprosy (Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items)» is included in the list of peer-reviewed scientific journals recommended for publication of principal scientific results of dissertations competing for scientific degrees of Candidate of Science and Doctor of Science.


Current Issue

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Vol 13, No 4 (2023)

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Epidemic Situation

Short-term prediction of the development of the epidemic of a new coronavirus infection in different phases of the epidemic process
Makhova V.V., Ploskireva A.A., Maletskaya O.V., Kovalchuk I.V., Kulichenko A.N.
Abstract

Objective. Testing an original method for short-term prediction of the epidemiological situation for COVID-19 using the example of the Stavropol Territory.

Materials and methods. We used data from the Department of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being in the Stavropol Territory, the «Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Stavropol Territory» on cases of COVID-19 from March 20, 2020 to August 1, 2022, as well as the results of molecular genetic monitoring of fragmentary and whole-genome sequencing of clinical material from patients COVID-19 in the Stavropol Territory, received at the Stavropol Anti-Plague Institute of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being. We used the original short-term prediction method proposed by A.A. Ploskireva.

Results. The results of a retrospective analysis of the epidemic situation regarding COVID-19 in the Stavropol Territory in four periods (21.09–04.10.2020; 08–21.04.2021; 28.09–11.10.2021 и 01–14.04.2022) justified the median prediction scenario, in one (10–23.02.2022) – optimistic prediction scenario (P > 0.05). However, during the period of change from the SARS-CoV-2 «India» strain Delta B.1.617.2 to Omicron B.1.1.529, against the background of an increase in the number of vaccinated people, none of the prediction scenarios came true – the incidence during this period was lower than the pessimistic scenario.

Conclusion. The predicting technique can be used not only to predict a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection, but also to control and assess the spread of diseases from the group of new infections at different stages of the epidemic process in the short term.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):7-13
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Serological monitoring of collective immunity to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Republic of Tatarstan and a number of subjects of the Russian Federation
Savitskaya T.A., Trifonov V.A., Agafonova E.V., Isaeva G.S., Reshetnikova I.D., Petrova D.N.
Abstract

Objective. Assessment of the collective immunity of the population to pathogens of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan and a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Materials and methods. An analysis of the HFRS epidemic situation was carried out based on operational monitoring data of the Reference Center for HFRS Monitoring of the Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, an using the information provided by Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being institutions in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Blood sera for the presence of specific IgG antibodies to HFRS pathogens were examined using the VectoHanta-IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent test system (Novosibirsk, Russia) during 2012–2021. The quantile ranking method was used.

Results. The regions of the Republic of Tatarstan were ranked according to the seropositive sera level from individuals who did not have HFRS in the period 2012–2021. Serological studies of the collective immunity of the population of the Republics of Bashkortostan (2019, 2020), Udmurtia (2019), Ulyanovsk region (2019), Republic of Mordovia (2021), Kostroma (2021) and Chelyabinsk regions (2020, 2021) to HFRS pathogens were carried out.

Conclusion. The serological studies carried out made it possible to assess the state of natural immunity of the population to hantaviruses, which provides an objective assessment of the risk of infection of the population in endemic areas.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):14-19
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Territorial distribution of the urogenital chlamydiosis incidence in the Russian Federation in 2005–2020
Abramov A.A., Garmaev D.A., Brazhnikov A.Y., Plakhova К.I.
Abstract

Objective. Evaluation of the features of the territorial distribution of the urogenital chlamydiosis incidence in the Russian Federation.

Materials and methods. The official statistics of the Russian Federation on urogenital chlamydiosis (UC) and its territorial distribution for the period 2005–2021 were analyzed.

Results. The UC incidence is characterized by a decreasing trend. In 2021, it was 17.8 per 100 thousand population in the Russian Federation. The average annual rate of decline for the period studied is -9.86%. Urogenital chlamydial infection is the second most common sexually transmitted infection after trichomoniasis. The decrease in the UC incidence in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is irregular. In 2021, the highest rates were registered in the Far Eastern (35.1) and Northwestern (25.4) Federal Districts, and the lowest - in the Southern Federal District (9.9). The epidemic situation in the Russian Federation and European countries is different. Thus, in 2019, in Denmark, Norway, England and Finland, the UC incidence rates were higher than in the Russian Federation by 25, 21, 16, 12 times, respectively, and tended to increase. A uniform territorial distribution of morbidity was noted: in 9 subjects of the Russian Federation it was consistently low and in 9 subjects - consistently high. The correlation coefficient of morbidity with the availability of doctors in the population is 0.45, which may be associated with the inability to contact specialists. This leads to a decrease in the registration of UC cases, and not to reduce morbidity.

Conclusion. UC incidence in the Russian Federation for 2005–2021 had a downward trend. Regions with persistently low and persistently high incidence rates are clearly distinguished. Official statistics in the Russian Federation probably do not reflect the true picture of morbidity.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):20-24
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Original Investigations

Epidemiological and clinical and laboratory features of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in children of different age groups in Ryazan
Belykh N.A., Anikeeva N.A., Akimova E.I., Panferuhina A.Y., Piznyur I.V., Stezhkina E.V., Sharapina N.M., Privalova N.N., Makarkina E.P., Solovyova O.A.
Abstract

Objective. Study of epidemiological and clinical laboratory features of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in children of various age groups permanently residing in Ryazan.

Materials and methods. An analysis of the medical records of 585 patients aged over 1 month up to 17 years of age with a verified diagnosis of new coronavirus infection COVID-19, who were under the follow-up of the local pediatric service of city children’s clinics in Ryazan for the period from March 2020 to December 2021 was carried out.

Results. School-age children accounted for 68.7%. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 87.2% of cases occurred as a result of intra-family contact with patients with COVID-19. 71.8% had a mild course of the disease, 5.3% had a moderate course; the diagnosis of «community-acquired pneumonia2» was verified in 4.1% of cases. Premorbid pathology was detected in 8.4% of children; it was 10.7 times more likely to be recorded in children with a moderate course of the disease (p < 0.001). The clinical picture of COVID-19 was dominated by symptoms of intoxication (74.9%) and respiratory tract damage (69.6%). Gastrointestinal manifestations were more common in children aged 0 to 7 years (p < 0.001), dysosmia and dysgeusia – in school-age children (p < 0.001). Asthenic syndrome was noted in 4.7% of children 3 months after new coronavirus infection.

Conclusion. The majority of children had a mild course of coronavirus infection, not requiring hospitalization, with a favorable outcome. Relationships between the severity of coronavirus infection and the presence of concomitant pathology (r = 0.33; p < 0.001), as well as between the age of patients and the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms (r = -0.48; p < 0.001), dysgeusia (r = 0.44; p < 0.001) and dysosmia (r = 0.46; p < 0.001) were established.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):25-31
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Risk factors for unfavorable course of COVID-19 in a prediction model in residents of long-term care facilities
Davidova N.G., Ugleva S.V., Akimkin V.G.
Abstract

Objective. Assessing the chances of developing pneumonia and the chances of death in residents of long-term care facilities with COVID-19 and building a predictive model of the probability of developing pneumonia and death.

Materials and methods. An analysis of 355 medical records of residents of closed long-term care facilities (CLTCF) in Moscow who became ill with COVID-19 between 2020 and 2022 was carried out. A predictive model of the probability of a certain outcome was constructed using the binary logistic regression method.

Results. In the studied group, age from 51 to 96 years compared to persons 18–50 years old increased the chances of developing pneumonia by 5.198 times and the chance of death by 4.895 times; the presence of 4 to 16 concomitant diseases (compared to 1–3 diseases) – by 5.198 and 18,293 times, respectively; dysfunction of the pelvic organs – by 4.941 and 5.091 times, respectively. Second-degree disability reduced the chances of developing pneumonia compared to first-degree disability – by 1.689 times, the ability to walk independently – by 4.048 times, male gender – by 4.975 times. The ability to walk independently reduced the chances of death by 2.066 times, male gender – by 1.901 times.

Conclusion. Based on the obtained prognostic models containing information about age, gender, disability degree, the number of concomitant diseases and the presence or absence of arterial hypertension, it is possible to predict the probability of developing pneumonia, and based on information about age, the number of concomitant diseases, the presence or absence of arterial hypertension and kidney disease – the probability of death in a resident of a closed long-term care facility.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):32-38
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Assessment of medical workers’ adherence to hygiene and hand antiseptics in pre-pandemic and pandemic periods
Smirnova S.S., Malkova E.V., Egorov I.A., Zhuikov N.N., Mishchenko V.A., Vialykh I.V., Smirnova V.A., Bolshakova A.N., Semenov A.V.
Abstract

Objective. Evaluation of the medical workers adherence to hygiene and hand antisepsis in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods and identification of the factors influencing the formation of a negative attitude towards this technology.

Materials and methods. An anonymous survey of medical workers was conducted in 2012 (73 people) and 2021 (100 people), with a simultaneous study of the level of bacterial (2012) and viral-bacterial (2021) hand contamination. Epidemiological (descriptive-evaluative and analytical), molecular biological (RT-PCR), bacteriological and statistical methods were used.

Results. Medical workers’ knowledge levels were comparable across study periods. However, during the pandemic, medical workers’ ideas about the stages of hygienic antiseptics have changed. The total level of adherence to hand antisepsis in the pre-pandemic period was 63.1%, in the pandemic period – 72.6%. It was noted that the frequency of contamination of hands and the outer surface of gloves remained at a high level (in 2012 – 22.0%, in 2021 – 28.3%) and was represented by a wide range of viral and bacterial microflora (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Pantoea agglomerans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and SARS-CoV-2). In a number of cases, the presence of viral-bacterial associations on hands (gloves) was detected.

Conclusion. Despite the predominantly positive attitude towards hand antisepsis, an increase in the proportion of ambiguous assessments was noted. The overall level of knowledge about situations requiring hand antiseptic has increased. But the results of laboratory studies of washes from the hands and outer surfaces of gloves of medical personnel demonstrated a high level of viral and bacterial contamination, which contributes to the creation of conditions for the circulation of viral and bacterial pathogens in a medical organization.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):39-49
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Features of the course of respiratory mycoplasmosis in children in the postcovid period. Epidemiоlоgy and infectious diseases
Preobrazhenskaia D.V., Kremplevskaya S.P., Muzyka A.D., Melekhina E.V.
Abstract

Restrictive measures introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic have led to a decrease in the respiratory mycoplasmosis (RM) incidence in children. 4 years after the start of the pandemic, its growth is observed.

Objective. Analysis of the clinical course of RM in children aged 5 months to 16 years.

Materials and methods. RM was detected in 74 children admitted to the Children's Infectious Diseases Department of the Khimki Regional Hospital for the period from January to June 2023. The active form of mycoplasmal infection was established based on the detection of IgM to M. pneumoniae in the blood serum of patients. The main group consisted of 42 children with mycoplasmal community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the comparison group - 32 children with RM of the acute respiratory infection (ARI) type.

Results. The proportion of children with mycoplasmal CAP was 56.8%, witj mycoplasmal ARI - 43.2%. RM developed more often in children aged 3 to 7 years in the CAP group (43.7%) than in the ARI group (38.0%). In patients under 1 year of age, the disease more often proceeded as an ARI type (2.4 and 18.8%, respectively; p = 0.009), and in children 7 years of age and older – as a CAP type (31.0% and 12.5%; p = 0.009). Broncho-obstructive syndrome was more often recorded in the ARI group than in the CAP group (25.0 and 2.4%; p = 0.004).

Conclusion. RM in children in 43.2% occurs in the form of ARI, predominantly affecting children under 3 years of age.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):50-56
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Single nucleotide polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor genes associated with the risk of tuberculosis and other diseases of the lower respiratory tract
Salamaikina S.A., Mironov K.O.
Abstract

The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family plays important roles in pathogen recognition and control and regulation of inflammation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR genes can disrupt the functioning of certain signaling pathways, which increases the risk of infectious diseases and may lead to an increased risk of complications of other bronchopulmonary pathologies. A review of studies on the association of SNPs in TLR genes with lower respiratory tract diseases, conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR protocol, is presented. The extent of studies conducted, the representation of subpopulations and geographic regions, as well as risk factors and the severity of infectious diseases in carriers of risk alleles were assessed.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):57-61
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Crimean hemorrhagic fever and Astrakhan spotted fever: epidemiology, clinic, system of mathematical models for predicting the manifestations of the epidemic process
Ugleva S.V., Akimkin V.G.
Abstract

Objective. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics and development of a system of models for predicting the manifestations of the epidemic process of Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CHF) and Astrakhan spotted fever (ASF) using the example of the Astrakhan Region.

Materials and methods. We used data from primary medical documentation (Form №. 058/u), federal statistical monitoring forms (forms № 2, № 357/u, №. 003/u) for 2000–2020 and materials from long-term observation of disease outbreaks in 11 districts of the Astrakhan Region and the city of Astrakhan. Absolute and intensive morbidity rates depending on age and occupational groups, as well as among urban and rural population were studied. Based on the average long-term morbidity rates of the population, mapping of the region’s territory was carried out. The influence of natural and climatic conditions on the epidemic process of CHF and ASF using meteorological data (amount of precipitation, air temperature, etc.) was assessed.

Results. Mathematical models for predicting the manifestations of the epidemic process of CHF and ASF, taking into account the multifactorial influence of abiotic (average air temperature and amount of precipitation during the seasonal increase in incidence) and biotic (the abundance ratio of ixodid ticks) factors that determine the CHF and ASF incidence rate in the population have been developed. Models with a high (more than 80%) degree of accuracy make it possible to develop a short-term forecast of the epidemic situation depending on the epidemiological risk for territories in a certain period of time.

Conclusion. Based on the results of a long-term comprehensive study of the epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of CHF and ASF, recommendations for optimizing their prevention, based on the use of a mathematical model for predicting the manifestations of the epidemic process were given.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):62-72
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Epidemiological aspects of Astrakhan spotted fever
Bedlinskaya N.R., Vasilkova V.V., Nikeshina T.V., Nyudilchieva A.S.
Abstract

Objective. Evaluation of the dynamics, incidence structure and territorial distribution of Astrakhan spotted fever (ASF) in the Astrakhan region (AR).

Materials and methods. An epidemiological analysis of 810 cases of ASF was carried out for the period 2017–2021.

Results. The incidence of ASF during the study period was iregular: 229 cases were registered in Astrakhan, and 581 cases in the districts of the Astrakhan region. The highest incidence rates were noted in Astrakhan, Kharabalinsky, Krasnoyarsk, Privolzhsky and Narimanovsky districts, the lowest - in Akhtubinsky, Volodarsky and Enotaevsky districts. In the Chernoyarsk district of the Astrakhan region, the incidence of ASF in the period from 2017–2021 was not registered.

Conclusion. On the territory of the Astrakhan region the activity of ASF natural foci does not decrease; the peak incidence occurs in August – 30.7%. Rural residents get sick more often (71.7%) than urban residents (28.3%). Among the adult population, the rate is higher (77%) than among children under 15 years of age (23%).

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):73-77
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Clinical and epidemiological features of staphylococcal enterocolitis in infants: a retrospective study
Kimirilova O.G., Kharchenko G.A.
Abstract

Objective. Identification of clinical and epidemiological features of staphylococcal enterocolitis (SE) in infants.

Materials and methods. Based on a study of 198 case histories of patients under the age of 1 year treated at the Regional Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital named after A.M. Nichoga (Astrakhan) from January 2017 to December 2021, the duration of the main symptoms of SE (fever, diarrhea, toxicosis with dehydration, the frequency of intestinal dysbiosis and secondary lactase deficiency) was analyzed.

Results. The age structure of patients with SE was dominated by children under 6 months of age (68%). 57% of children had a history of prematurity, omphalitis, purulent conjunctivitis, etc., and 86% of children were on formula and mixed feeding. The food route of infection was identified in 78% of children. In 62% of patients, the disease was moderate. Among the lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, enterocolitis and gastroenterocolitis accounted for 79%, colitis and hemocolitis – 14%, enteritis – 7%, dehydration – 16%, intestinal dysbiosis - 44%, secondary lactase deficiency – 48%. A direct correlation between late hospitalization of patients (3 days after the onset of the disease) and the presence of dehydration was established (r = 0.72; p < 0.001).

Conclusion. Intestinal staphylococcal infection in infants most often occurred in the form of primary SE (70%) with a predominance of moderate forms (62%) and the development of secondary lactase deficiency (48%). The duration of the disease, fever, diarrhea syndrome, and repeated isolation of staphylococcus in patients with secondary SE is higher than in primary ones.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):78-83
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Using english-language public access internet resources for rapid monitoring of information about current outbreaks of infectious diseases
Petrov V.N.
Abstract

Objective. Identification of possible approaches to using publicly available online tools to monitor information about significant infectious disease outbreaks to enable the compilation of daily fact sheets on disease incidence, response measures, and epidemiologically relevant research findings.

Materials and methods. Well-known information and analytical resources on the Internet used to monitor modern trends and scientific knowledge in the field of infectious diseases were analyzed for the completeness and frequency of updating information.

Results. Several dozen information resources have been identified that provide broad coverage of outbreak issues.

Conclusion. High-quality coverage of epidemiological phenomena is possible using a limited set of Internet resources of various types, configured depending on the timing and tasks at hand, and can be implemented with the involvement of minimal human resources with professional and linguistic competencies.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):84-86
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Clinical Notes

A case of septic salmonellosis with damage to the central nervous system in HIV-infected patient
Kapustin D.V., Krasnova E.I., Khokhlova N.I., Demchenko S.V., Shishkova O.M., Kriklivaya N.P., Nalimova T.M., Gashnikova N.M., Pozdnyakova L.L.
Abstract

Objective. Analysis of a case of septic salmonellosis with damage to the central nervous system in a HIV infected patient.

Materials and methods. The data of clinical, laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods in HIV-infected patient with a septic salmonellosis, who was being treated at the City Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital № 1 in Novosibirsk, were analyzed.

Results. The clinical course of salmonellosis against the background of severe immunodeficiency was characterized by a rapid transition from the gastrointestinal to the septic form with the development of damage to the central nervous system on the 5th day of hospitalization. The choice of antibacterial therapy tactics was complicated by the presence of resistance of blood-isolated S. enteritidis to ciprofloxacin and amikacin. Despite the resumption of antiretroviral therapy and ongoing antibacterial (taking into account sensitivity) and pathogenetic therapy, the patient’s condition could not be stabilized. Irreversible damage by S. enteritidis to the central nervous system and kidneys against the background of severe immunodeficiency led to severe impairment of vital functions followed by death.

Conclusion. When diagnosing salmonellosis in patients with HIV infection, awareness in terms of the high risk of developing generalized forms of the disease is necessary. In real clinical practice, a study of the drug resistance profile of Salmonella is required to select effective antibacterial therapy.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):87-92
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Clinical case of combination of Mediterranean spotten fever and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Alieva E.E., Kozlovsky O.A., Fedosov I.E., Elster A.G., Odinets T.N., Cherni M.V., Gorovenko N.S., Maliy K.D., Gafarova M.T.
Abstract

For the first time on the Crimean Peninsula, a clinical case of a rare severe combination of Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) has been described and confirmed by PCR.

Samples of the patient’s biological material were examined for the presence of genetic markers of pathogens of Mediterranean spotted fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, ixodid tick-borne borreliosis, anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis, leptospirosis and West Nile fever.

A clinical example confirms the relevance of conducting research on natural focal infections, in particular rickettsial infections, on the peninsula.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):93-100
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Reviews and Lectures

Genetic determinacy of severe COVID-19
Kharaeva Z.F., Degoeva D.V., Marzhokhova M.Y., Marzhokhova A.R.
Abstract

The review attempts to systematize the currently available data on the influence of polymorphic variants of individual genes and/or mutations of individual genes on the development and severity of viral infection. An analysis of data on genetic determinacy of greater sensitivity to SARS-CoV-2 associated with the receptor phenotype of target cells, as well as the risk of developing a “cytokine storm” is presented.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):101-105
pages 101-105 views
The role of possibly high carcinogenic risk human papilloma virus the development of cervical malignant pathology: systematic review and metaanalysis
Vinogradova N.А., Domonova E.A., Vinokurov M.A., Popova A.A.
Abstract

Objective. Evaluation of the prevalence of possibly high carcinogenic risk (possibly HCR) human papillomavirus (HPV) and its contribution to the development of malignant cervical neoplasms with an assessment of the reliability of the data obtained depending on the diagnostic approaches used.

Materials and methods. The search in the MEDLINE (PubMed), CyberLeninka, and eLibrary databases (search depth – 21 years) was performed. In total, more than 400 articles in Russian, English, and German were analyzed. Statistical analyses of results and data visualization were performed in the R environment.

Results. It was found that the proportion of possibly HCR HPV from all HPV-positive results among conditionally healthy women (n = 20,989) was 14% (95% CI 9–20), in the group with a cytological conclusion LSIL and ASCUS (n = 2785) – 20% (95% CI 13–29). Among patients with a cytological conclusion HSIL and «cervical cancer» (n = 6316), the frequency of detection of possibly HCR HPV 26, 53, 66, 67 68, 70, 73, 82 types was a total of 6% (95% CI 3–16). When different diagnostic approaches are used simultaneously to exclude false-negative results, the number of HPV-negative cases of cervical cancer was 1% (95% CI 0–2). The comparable level of type-specific transforming activity of HCR and possibly HCR HPV indicates that possibly HCR HPV may be the only prognostic factor for the development of cervical cancer.

Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the need to recommend the inclusion of HPV of possibly HCR in epidemiological monitoring and screening programs for malignant cervical pathology.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):106-114
pages 106-114 views

Exchange of Experience

Clinical observations of the course of a new coronavirus infection in patients with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis and respiratory failure
Dobin V.L., Nikolaev A.N., Martynov V.A.
Abstract

Objective. Analysis of the clinical course of a new coronavirus infection in patients with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and respiratory failure.

Materials and methods. We analyzed 6 case histories of patients with TB who fell ill with COVID-19 and were treated in a temporary infectious diseases department deployed at an anti-tuberculosis dispensary in 2021. The clinical course of a new coronavirus infection in 3 patients with chronic pulmonary T and respiratory failure in comparison with 3 patients without symptoms respiratory failure of was described in detail. In total, 21 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were identified in the Ryazan region among 217 TB patients registered at the TB dispensary, which amounted to 9.67%. All TB patients recovered from COVID-19. None of them received anti-cytokine therapy or required mechanical ventilation.

Results. In 4 out of 6 patients with co-infection, COVID-19 occurred with symptoms of moderate intoxication and viral colonization of the upper respiratory tract, without damage to the lung tissue, in 2 – with such damage (in one – CT-1, in the second – CT-2). Patients with background respiratory failure had a moderate course, and those without signs of respiratory failure had a mild course of COVID-19.

Conclusion. Despite the pronounced initial background and somatic burden, 3 patients with chronic pulmonary TB and respiratory failure had a moderate course of coronavirus infection.

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):115-120
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Obituary

In memory of Nikolai Dmitrievich Yushchuk
Editorial B.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Current Items. 2023;13(4):121-122
pages 121-122 views

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