Vol 7, No 4 (2019)

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) and marigold extracts (Tagetes patula L.) on the hippocampal mitochondria functional activity within the conditions of experimental acute brain hypometabolism.Materials and methods. The work was performed on 50 male Wistar rats, which reproduced an acute brain hypometabolic state by administration of a 3M sodium azide solution in hippocampus (n = 40 and n = 10 - a group of sham-operated animals). The test extracts and the reference drug - EGb 761 - were prophylactically administered at the dose of 100 mg/kg per os for 10 days. 24 hours after the last administration, sodium azide was injected, the brain was taken, the hippocampus was isolated to obtain a supernatant and determine the parameters of mitochondrial respiration, the intensity of anaerobic processes, the concentration of the apoptosis-inducing factor, endonuclease G, and β-amyloid.Results. The carried out study established that the prophylactic administration of pumpkin and marigold extracts contributed to the restoration of a mitochondrial function and a decrease in the intensity of anaerobic processes. In the group of the rats treated with pumpkin and marigold extracts, an increase of ATP concentration in the hippocampal supernatant by 65.7% (p<0.002) was observed; it was 66.2% (p><0.002) relative to the animals deprived of pharmacological support. ,When the rats were treated with pumpkin and marigold extracts, a decrease in the concentration of apoptosis-inducing factor (by 33% (p><0.002) and 38.3% (p><0.002), respectively) and endonuclease G (by 3.6 times (p><0.002) and 4.4 times (p><0.002), respectively) was also noted. The administration of pumpkin and marigold extracts reduced the amyloid β-peptide concentration in the rats’ hippocampus by 54.4% (p><0.0002) and 54.4% (p><0.0002), respectively. The test-extracts had an equivalent therapeutic efficacy with the reference drug. Conclusion On the basis of the obtained data, it is possible to suggest the prospect of a further study of pumpkin and marigold extracts as the drugs of a targeted correction of cerebral hypometabolism. Keywords: plant extracts, hypometabolism, hippocampus, mitochondria >< 0.002) was observed; it was 66.2% (p<0.002) relative to the animals deprived of pharmacological support. ,When the rats were treated with pumpkin and marigold extracts, a decrease in the concentration of apoptosis-inducing factor (by 33% (p><0.002) and 38.3% (p><0.002), respectively) and endonuclease G (by 3.6 times (p><0.002) and 4.4 times (p><0.002), respectively) was also noted. The adm>< 0.002) relative to the animals deprived of pharmacological support. ,When the rats were treated with pumpkin and marigold extracts, a decrease in the concentration of apoptosis-inducing factor (by 33% (p<0.002) and 38.3% (p><0.002), respectively) and endonuclease G (by 3.6 times (p><0.002) and 4.4 times (p><0.002), respectively) was also noted. The administration of pumpki>< 0.002) and 38.3% (p<0.002), respectively) and endonuclease G (by 3.6 times (p><0.002) and 4.4 times (p><0.002), respectively) was also noted. The administration of pumpkin and marigold extracts reduced the amyloid β-peptide concentration in the rats’ hippocampus by 54.4% (p><0.0002) and 54.4% (p><0.0002), respectively. The test-extracts had an equivalent therapeutic efficacy with >< 0.002), respectively) and endonuclease G (by 3.6 times (p<0.002) and 4.4 times (p><0.002), respectively) was also noted. The administration of pumpkin and marigold extracts reduced the amyloid β-peptide concentration in the rats’ hippocampus by 54.4% (p><0.0002< 0.002) and 4.4 times (p<0.002), respectively) was also noted. The administration of pumpkin and marigold extracts reduced the amyloid β-peptide concentration in the rats’ hippocampus by 54.4% (p><0.0002) and 54.4% (p><0.0002), respectively. The te>< 0.002), respectively) was also noted. The administration of pumpkin and marigold extracts reduced the amyloid β-peptide concentration in the rats’ hippocampus by 54.4% (p<0.0002) and 54.4% (p><0.0002), respectively. The test-extracts had an equiva>< 0.0002) and 54.4% (p<0.0002), respectively. The test-extracts had an equivalent therapeutic efficacy with the reference drug. Conclusion On the basis of the obtained d>< 0.0002), respectively. The test-extracts had an equivalent therapeutic efficacy with the reference drug.Conclusion On the basis of the obtained data, it is possible to suggest the prospect of a further study of pumpkin and marigold extracts as the drugs of a targeted correction of cerebral hypometabolism.

A Drug-Related Problem is an event or circumstance involving drug therapy that actually or potentially interferes with desired health outcomes.The aim of the study was the analysis of the adverse drug reactions (ADR) associated with prescription of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) using the DRP PCNE V5.01 qualification system.Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 415 notification forms about adverse drug reactions of NSAIDs recorded in the regional database of spontaneous reports and called ARCADe (Adverse Reactions in Crimea, Autonomic Database) for the period from 1 January 2009 to 31 December of 2018. The study and analysis of the problems associated with drugs were carried out using the qualification system DRP PCNE V5.01 (Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe) 2006 in the modification of Prof. Zimenkovsky.Results. Among other representatives of the NSAID group, Ibuprofen and Diclofenac became the “leaders” in the incidence of ADR. The frequency of ADR cases for Ibuprofen was 142 reports (34.22% of the total number of ADR for NSAIDs), and for Diclofenac it was 90 cases (21.69%). The calculation of DRP values for each of the presented cases made it possible to determine that in 81 (19.51%) and 91 (21.9%) cases, the DRP value was 6 and 7, respectively. DRP values in the range of 8-10 were found in 92 reports. The highest DRPs value was observed after the administration of Parecoxib (13 problems but only one case was found in the database), the DRPs value of Dexketoprofen was 12.5 (95% CI: 7-17) and the DRPs value of Diclofenac combinations was 10 DRPs; 95% CI: 5-17 DRP). The minimum DRPs values were associated with Naproxen, Rofecoxib, and Etoricoxib prescriptions.Conclusion. Using the DRP system in the analysis of NSAIDs, ADRs allow to identify the medicines which have a high risk of causing safety problems, such as Parecoxib, Dexketoprofen and Diclofenac combinations. The prescription of these drugs should be carried out with special cautions and control to the indications and contraindications, the dose and duration of treatment, as well as to a possible interaction of them with concomitant drugs.

Nowadays, effective pharmacotherapy of acid-dependent gastrointestinal diseases remains an urgent problem of modern gastroenterology. In this regard, the search for new drugs with a pronounced antisecretory activity still continues; their aim is to keep the control over the acid production safe and effective.The aim of this study was an experimental study of the antisecretory activity of the substance and the finished dosage form (FDF) of dinitrate 2-phenyl-9-diethylaminoethylimidazo[1,2-a]benzimidazole.Materials and Methods. The study of antisecretory activity was performed by method of a continuous perfusion of rats’ stomachs. The studied substance was administered at the doses of 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg, and the FDF - at the doses of 13 and 26 mg/kg. The substance of Ranitidine (Sigma Аldrich, USA) was used as a reference object in the study of the antisecretory activity of the substance under study, and Ranitidine (Hemofarm A.D., Serbia) was used as a reference drug in the study of the FDF. In order to determine the stimulated secretion immediately before collecting the samples of the perfusate, histamine was administered subcutaneously at the dose of 5 mg/kg. The content of hydrochloric acid in the perfusate was determined by titration of a 0.01 M sodium hydroxide solution. The acidity value was determined in terms of the debit-hour of hydrochloric acid.Results and discussion. The obtained experimental data showed that the studied substance at the dose of 30 mg/kg decreased the basal hydrochloric acid secretion by 54%, which significantly exceeded the antisecretory effect of Ranitidine by 1.8 times. The FDF at the dose of 26 mg/kg, statistically reliable relative to the control and the group treated with Ranitidine, decreased the basal secretion of gastric juice by 33%. The substance at the dose of 30 mg/kg reliably suppressed the stimulated secretion of hydrochloric acid by 80%, while Ranitidine did it by 56%. The FDF at the dose of 26 mg/kg decreased the histamine-stimulated secretion by 66%, and Ranitidine did it by 52%, which was statistically reliable.Сonclusions. The studied substance and its dosage form are more effective in suppressing basal activities and exceed the anisecretory activity of H2 -histamine antagonists of Ranitidine under the conditions of the secretion stimulated by histamine.