CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF SUBMUCOUS CLEFT PALATE IN THE PRACTICE OF AN OTOLARYNGOLOGIST AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGEON.



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Background: Submucous cleft palate (SCP) is an uncommon form of isolated clefts. Its diagnosis is not difficult: a triangular pit due to a bone defect along the midline of the hard palate, a translucent zone of mucosal duplication in the middle part of the soft palate, providing insufficiency of its muscles and nasalization of the voice, a split uvula. In the compensated form of SCP and unclear clinical signs, diagnostic difficulties arise.

Objective: to establish clinical signs-markers of CT and MRI for the diagnosis of SCP.

Materials and methods: The study included patients with SCP treated by the Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan (n=21). All patients underwent CT or MRI.

Results: According to MRI data, a linear hypointense structure is visualized along the midline due to the intermittent position of the levator muscles of the soft palate. According to the CT data, 3 characteristic CT markers of SCP were identified: a triangular defect of the palate on 3D reconstruction of the skull, a defect of the palate in the frontal plane and shortening of the vomer, anterior displacement of the posterior nasal spine and an increase in the nasopharyngeal space in the sagittal projection. Patients begin to seek help in treating upper respiratory tract infections from an otolaryngologist much earlier. According to the data obtained in our study, significant differences were found when assessing the age of detection of SCP by an ENT doctor and other specialists (p = 0.015).

Conclusions: Otolaryngologists can encounter the manifestations and consequences of SCP and suspect the presence of a defect much earlier than other specialists. A promising direction in identifying SCP is the use of radiological diagnostic methods in routine practice. Timely detection of SCP will allow earlier initiation of rehabilitation measures to improve the quality of life and speech.

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作者简介

Irina Andreeva

Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: arisha.andreeva2008@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9669-2707
SPIN 代码: 4233-6217

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

俄罗斯联邦, Kazan

Pavel Tokarev

Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital

Email: facesurg@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2439-5492

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

俄罗斯联邦, Kazan

Damir Marapov

Kazan State Medical Academy, a branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education

Email: damirov@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2583-0599
SPIN 代码: 5926-0451

M.D., Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Depart. of Public Health, Economics and Health Care Management

俄罗斯联邦, Kazan, Russia

Andrey Rudyk

Tatarstan Cancer Center

Email: anru_onco@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7309-9043
SPIN 代码: 6578-8613

MD, PhD, oncologist of the Oncological Department № 5 (Head and Neck Cancer)

Kazan, 420029, Russian Federation

Elena Urakova

Казанская государственная медицинская академия — филиал Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования

Email: anvu@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1140-6412
SPIN 代码: 3629-0860

Roza Ilyina

Kazan State Medical Academy — branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Email: ilroza@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8534-1282
SPIN 代码: 5820-1789

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Depart. of Maxillofacial Surgery and Surgical Stomatology

俄罗斯联邦, Kazan

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