The selective-genetic value of chosen from the collection varieties of winter tritikale in connection with the selection of culture for the central non-black soil region

Under the conditions of Moscow region were investigated 1.5 thousand of models X.Triticosecale Wittmack of different ecological- geographical origin, concentrated in the world gene pool and also new types and the line of Federal Research Center, obtained with the use of those isolated in Dias (5x5) and other field experiments of the genetic sources and donors of valuable signs. The results of the analysis of diallel crossings according to the method of B.J.Hayman (1954) attest to the fact that for all studied signs of tritikale is characteristic the additive- dominant diagram of inheritance. According to the signs the mass 1000 of grains, the content of protein in the grain, the content of starch in the grain in F1 hybrids is revealed the super-domination. According to the sign the mass of grain from the ear the nature of inheritance changed from the complete domination to the super-domination. The basic contribution to the increase of the signs of productivity introduced dominant genes, by their concentration the prospect of the separate combinations of crossing is determined. According to the sign the mass 1000 of grains is promising the line Of Prag 468, throughout the mass of grain from the ear – line ADK 1369t. The high content of starch in the grain is caused by dominant alleles, they were separately allotted to the line Prag 468 and 6418-145. It is shown that by the authors obtained the fundamentally new types and lines with the high indices of productivity and quality of grain, which considerably exceed standard Victor. The collection of grain in the control nursery of new lines (5802-10-5-6 5802-10-5-59, 154-11-55) even under the extremely unfavorable weather conditions of 2017 year varied from 8,34 to 9,91 t/ha. The harvest of standard type Victor proved to be equal 5,04 t/ha, i.e., almost in 2 time it is lower than in the line 154-11-5-5. In the competitive strain testing (2014-2017) superiority showed the type Gera. The advantage of the noted new genotype over standards lies in the fact that they form the excellently ear with the coarse full-weight grain ear (to 80 the grains), have the increased productivity, a good safety of plants to the harvesting, high stability to the limiting factors of medium.