Innovative Project

The article is devoted to the creativity and development of architectural theory developed by El Lissitzky. At the beginning of the 20th century, artists who realized the idea of the avant-garde predicted the development of a special spatial atmosphere that would be formed due to the latest achievements of science, technology and art. The article examines works of architecture and art, as well as philosophical works concerning the process of development of the techno-utopian ideal of spaces. El Lissitzky, noting the outstanding importance of technical means for modern architecture and art, foresaw one of the most important topics for future research in the 21st century. The article attempts to analyze the complex of innovative ideas of El Lissitzky.

The prospects for the renovation of residential blocks of the 1940-1950s in the paradigm of contextual design are determined. For this purpose, the structure and morphology of neighborhoods was studied, the main types and characteristic features of the existing urban fabric were identified. An analysis was carried out of the quality of the existing environment of the territories, their provision with transport and social infrastructure. A judgment is given about the nature and specificity of renovation, taking into account the existing urban planning context, the historical memory of people, and the richness of the environment. The thesis about the historical value of typical low-rise buildings and the uniqueness of the urban morphology of the research object is substantiated. The boundaries of the renovation areas have been determined. A list of areas for proposed renovation is given. Principles for the renovation of built-up areas of the 1940-1950s have been developed, as well as models illustrating an operational approach to solving the problem.

The increased international and interregional mobility of people, characteristic of the beginning of the 21 century, stimulates the development of new principles of socially oriented design of rental housing in the interests of preventing inequality and segregation. In this regard, the importance of historical experience increases. The article focuses on some unique foreign experiments of the 19–20 centuries. An attempt has been made to clarify the key types of residential structures for socially vulnerable categories of the population and their architectural and typological features. The object of the study is a residential environment of a rental (municipal) type, the subject of the study is factors influencing the typological evolution of housing for families with household income below average. The purpose of the study is to systematize and summarize new information, critically analyze the experience of improving an economical home and identify its progressive forms.

The article presents the results of an analysis of the architectural and planning structure of modern theater buildings, as well as the latest technologies and innovative solutions in the field of their design. The architectural and design techniques used in the process of creating theatrical objects and their internal spaces are considered.

Architectural techniques for forming the space of rehabilitation centers of various directions are explored, and the main ways in which architecture influences the psychological and emotional perception of a person are identified. Using the example of implemented objects, the principles of organizing a spatial planning solution and forming the internal environment of rehabilitation centers, characteristic of a certain territorial context or architectural design, are considered. Particular attention is paid to the topic of introducing the natural environment into the space of the object, or its interaction with the landscape and environment.

The article discusses the basic physical properties of glass and its possibilities of use as a means of creating an image in the fine arts, cinema and architecture. The indispensability of glass as a material in various fields has been revealed, especially in those where visual perception plays a special role. In cinematography, glass allows you to create a special frame composition on the screen and enhance the narrative of the script. In fine arts and architecture, it is used to transform the atmosphere and properties of space, create unique images, and regulate the degree of closeness and openness of space. The importance of glass as a tool for creating the most daring and unusual ideas, which influenced the development of fine arts, architecture and cinema, is revealed.

The problems of continuity of urban development of large historical cities at different stages of urbanization, as well as the reasons for preserving the historical urban structures of Samara during its history are considered and questions are raised about the relevance and possibility of their preservation and development.